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Weight trajectories in aging humanized APOE mice with translational validity to human Alzheimer's risk population: A retrospective analysis.
PLoS One
January 2025
Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
Translational validity of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is variable. Because change in weight is a well-documented precursor of AD, we investigated whether diversity of human AD risk weight phenotypes was evident in a longitudinally characterized cohort of 1,196 female and male humanized APOE (hAPOE) mice, monitored up to 28 months of age which is equivalent to 81 human years. Autoregressive Hidden Markov Model (AHMM) incorporating age, sex, and APOE genotype was employed to identify emergent weight trajectories and phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCirculating secretory component-containing anti-citrullinated protein antibodies prior to symptom onset in rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatology (Oxford)
January 2025
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Objectives: To investigate the occurrence and dynamics of secretory component-containing antibodies towards citrullinated proteins (SC ACPA) in plasma from pre-symptomatic individuals subsequently developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: We studied 319 individuals who had donated plasma prior to RA onset (median predating time 4.7 years), whereof 181 also donated samples after diagnosis.
Emergent superconductivity driven by Van Hove singularity in a Janus MoPS monolayer.
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
Two-dimensional (2D) Janus structures with the breaking of out-of-plane mirror symmetry can induce many interesting physical phenomena, and have attracted widespread attention. Herein, we propose a MoPS monolayer with mirror asymmetry, identified by first-principles structural search calculations, which demonstrates high thermodynamic and dynamic stability. Our findings reveal that Mo 4d-orbitals dominate the metallicity, significantly enhancing the density of states near the Fermi level due to Van Hove singularities (VHSs), leading to the existence of phonon-mediated superconductivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMasking in Active Comparator Designs in Pharmacovigilance: A Retrospective Bias Analysis on the Spontaneous Reporting of Thiazolidinediones and Cardiovascular Events.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf
January 2025
School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Masking is a reporting bias where drug safety signals are muffled by elevated reporting of other medications in spontaneous reporting databases. While the impact of masking is often limited, its effect when using restricted designs, such as active comparators, can be consequential.
Methods: We used data from the US Food and Drugs Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (1999Q3-2013Q3) to study masking in a real-world example.
Stroke in Athletes with Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review.
Diagnostics (Basel)
December 2024
Hospital de Santa Cruz, 2790-134 Lisbon, Portugal.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia, linked with a significantly heightened risk of stroke. While moderate exercise reduces AF risk, high-level endurance athletes paradoxically exhibit a higher incidence. However, their stroke risk remains uncertain due to their younger age, higher cardiovascular fitness, and lower rate of comorbidities.
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