Stem cells undergo drastic morphological alterations during differentiation. While extensive studies have been performed to examine the cytoskeletal remodeling, there is a growing interest to determine the morphological, structural and functional changes of the nucleus. The current study is therefore aimed at quantifying the extent of remodeling of the nuclear morphology of human mesenchymal stem cells during biochemically-induced adipogenic differentiation. Results show the size of nuclei decreased exponentially over time as the lipid accumulation is up-regulated. Increases in the lipid accumulation appear to lag the nuclear reorganization, suggesting the nuclear deformation is a prerequisite to adipocyte maturation. Furthermore, the lamin A/C expression was increased and redistributed to the nuclear periphery along with a subsequent increase in the nuclear aspect ratio. To further assess the role of the nucleus, a nuclear morphology with a high aspect ratio was achieved using microcontact-printed substrate. The cells with an elongated nuclear shape did not efficiently undergo adipogenesis, suggesting the cellular and nuclear processes associated with stem cell differentiation at the early stage of adipogenesis cause a change in the nuclear morphology and cannot be abrogated by the morphological cues. In addition, a novel computational biomechanical model was generated to simulate the nuclear shape change during differentiation and predict the forces acting upon the nucleus. This effort led to the development of computational scaling approach to simulate the experimentally observed adipogenic differentiation processes over 15 days in less than 1.5 hours.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52926-8 | DOI Listing |
iScience
January 2025
Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Complutense 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, 7019 Yitian Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
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Nat Commun
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Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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The delicate balance between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts maintains bone homeostasis. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are now understood to be crucial in bone physiology and pathology. However, the function of the Farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a member of the NR family, in regulating bone homeostasis remains incompletely understood.
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This study aimed to synthesize MgFeLnO (where, Ln = Yb, Pr, Gd, and Nd) ferrite nanoparticles via the sol-gel process and investigate their structural, morphological, and magnetic properties for potential hyperthermia applications. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) confirmed the cubic spinel structure for all samples. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed nanometer-scale dimensions and nearly spherical morphology.
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