AI Article Synopsis
- piRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that protect animal genomes by repressing transposons, and their failure can lead to severe reproductive issues.
- piRNA production occurs in the cytoplasm but functions in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, involving specific proteins found in gonadal organelles.
- Recent research highlights the importance of these specialized organelles in the assembly and function of the piRNA pathway.
Article Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that repress transposons in animal germlines. This protects the genome from the invasive DNA elements. piRNA pathway failures lead to DNA damage, gonadal development defects, and infertility. Thus, the piRNA pathway is indispensable for the continuation of animal life. piRNA-mediated transposon silencing occurs in both the nucleus and cytoplasm while piRNA biogenesis is a solely cytoplasmic event. piRNA production requires a number of proteins, the majority of which localize to non-membranous organelles that specifically appear in the gonads. Other piRNA factors are localized on outer mitochondrial membranes. In situ RNA hybridization experiments show that piRNA precursors are compartmentalized into other non-membranous organelles. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the function of these organelles in the piRNA pathway by focusing on their assembly and function.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6958439 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ncrna5040052 | DOI Listing |
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