Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 994
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3134
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Purpose: The dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria harboring the colistin-resistance gene in developing countries has recently entered the spotlight as an emerging public health threat, which is attributed to the abuse of colistin use in these countries. However, the prevalence of these bacteria in developing countries has not been extensively investigated. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant commensal harboring among residents of a representative Vietnamese village and assessed the characteristics of these isolates.
Materials And Methods: The stool samples, one stool sample per resident, of 612 residents were cultured on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime. Resulting -like colonies were isolated and examined further for the presence of colistin-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing with . Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed, and clonal relationship among colistin-resistant isolates was assessed.
Results: Thirty-one of the 451 cefotaxime-resistant isolates were resistant to colistin and the majority possessed , and/or , except for two isolates that produced the AmpC β-lactamase. All ESBL-producing isolates were multidrug-resistant (5-11 antibiotics). The isolates contained various plasmid replicon types, including the most prevalent types IncHI2 (54.8%), IncFIB (48.4%), and IncN (41.9%). In addition, 83.9% of the ESBL- isolates possessed a transposon IS segment. Furthermore, 77.4% of the ESBL- isolates belonged to phylogenetic group A. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis indicated limited clonal expansion of a specific strain.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the wide dissemination of colistin-resistant ESBL- harboring among commensal bacteria of rural residents in Vietnam, suggesting possible mobilization of the gene among ESBL-producing microbiota, which is a great public health concern.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6815942 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S224545 | DOI Listing |
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