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Construction and immunological evaluation of recombinant adenovirus vaccines co-expressing GP3 and GP5 of EU-type porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in pigs. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a significant economic threat to the swine industry globally, with new European genotype (Genotype-I PRRSV) strains emerging in China.
  • Current vaccines do not fully protect against PRRSV, prompting researchers to create a recombinant adenovirus vaccine expressing specific genes from the EU-type strain to enhance immune response.
  • The study found that the new recombinant vaccines elicited stronger antibody responses and T-cell proliferation in pigs and demonstrated lower viral loads post-exposure, indicating their potential effectiveness in protecting against EU-type PRRSV infection.

Article Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) keeps causing economic damages in the swine sector across the globe. There has been emergence of the European (EU) genotype of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (Genotype-I PRRSV) in China in recent years. The presently available vaccines cannot unable to provide safeguard against PRRSV infection completely. This study was aimed to construct recombinant adenovirus expressing the ORF3 and ORF5 genes of the EU-type PRRSV strain. Then, the recombinant adenovirus vaccines for EU-type PRRSV (rAd-E3518, rAd-E35, rAd-E3 and rAd-E5) which we constructed and evaluated were constructed and identified by western blot and PCR. All recombinant adenovirus vaccines were evaluated for humoral and cellular responses and EU-type PRRSV challenge in pigs. The results showed that the group of rAd-E3518+Quil A developed higher GP3 and GP5 specific antibody responses compared to the group of rAd-E3518. The majority of the neutralizing antibody titers were higher than 1:16 (P<0.05), the fusion of IL-18 has increased significantly PRRSV-stimulated secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 in porcine serum, the group of rAd-E3518+Quil A produced highest T-lymphocytes (CD3CD4 and CD3CD8 T cells) proliferative in peripheral blood of pigs. The animals were challenged with the EU-type PRRSV strain and the viral load was detected in the several tissues, the viral load of rAd-E3518 and rAd-E3518+Quil A were lower than the wild-type adenovirus group. Our findings provide evidence to confirm that the recombinant adenovirus vaccine can protect pigs from EU-PRRSV infection.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6943305PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1292/jvms.19-0283DOI Listing

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