Proton radiation therapy has been used clinically since 1952, and major advancements in the last 10 years have helped establish protons as a major clinical modality in the cancer-fighting arsenal. Technologies will always evolve, but enough major breakthroughs have been accomplished over the past 10 years to allow for a major revolution in proton therapy. This paper summarizes the major technology advancements with respect to beam delivery that are now ready for mass implementation in the proton therapy space and encourages vendors to bring these to market to benefit the cancer population worldwide. We state why these technologies are essential and ready for implementation, and we discuss how future systems should be designed to accommodate their required features.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190359 | DOI Listing |
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
Liver Transplantation & Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Background: Gastro-esophageal variceal hemorrhage (GEVH) is one of the major causes of life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding in children. Medical, endoscopic, angiographic, and surgical interventions can be utilized in treatment. In this case report, we describe partial splenic artery embolization for refractory GEVH due to portal vein thrombosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Reconstructing large, inflammatory maxillofacial defects using stem cell-based therapy faces challenges from adverse microenvironments, including high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inadequate oxygen, and intensive inflammation. Here, inspired by the reaction mechanisms of intracellular antioxidant defense systems, we propose the de novo design of an artificial antioxidase using Ru-doped layered double hydroxide (Ru-hydroxide) for efficient redox homeostasis and maxillofacial bone regeneration. Our studies demonstrate that Ru-hydroxide consists hydroxyls-synergistic monoatomic Ru centers, which efficiently react with oxygen species and collaborate with hydroxyls for rapid proton and electron transfer, thus exhibiting efficient, broad-spectrum, and robust ROS scavenging performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Objectives: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications and commonly used for the treatment of gastric acid-related disorders. Nevertheless, PPIs are often overused leading to potential adverse effects and unnecessary healthcare costs. Deprescribing strategies have emerged to safely reduce or substitute inappropriate PPIs and optimise patient care in an evidence-based manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTher Apher Dial
January 2025
Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan.
Patients on dialysis often develop hyperphosphatemia, contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Currently, several types of phosphate binders (PBs) exist for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia, but they are sometimes associated with drug-specific side effects and high pill burden, making it difficult to control serum phosphorus appropriately. Tenapanor, which has a novel mechanism to reduce serum phosphorus via selective sodium/proton exchange transporter 3 inhibition, was approved for hyperphosphatemia in Japan in 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Med
January 2025
The Henryk Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Cyclotron Centre Bronowice, Krakow, Poland.
Purpose: With the increasing use of proton therapy, there is a growing emphasis on including radiation quality, often quantified by linear energy transfer, as a treatment plan optimization factor. The Timepix detectors offer energy-sensitive particle tracking useful for the characterization of proton linear energy transfer. To improve the detector's performance in mixed radiation fields produced in proton therapy, we customized the detector settings and performed the per-pixel energy calibration.
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