PREVENTION OF CEREBROVASCULAR MICRO-EMBOLIZATION DURING AORTA-CORONARY BYPASS UNDER CONDITIONS OF ARTIFICIAL BLOOD CIRCULATION.

The aim of the research was to investigate the relationship between cerebral microembolization and the development of postoperative cognitive impairment in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting with and without prophylactic administration of nitroglycerin at the end of artificial blood circulation. The study included 72 patients (43 male and 29 female) who had ACBPS using an ABCA. The patients were randomized into two clinical groups. The number of patients in the control group was 34 patients, in the study group - 38 patients. The study of the cognitive sphere was performed using a battery of clinical tests that included MSA and MMSE scales, Trail-making test, Grooved Pageboard, fine hands-motor test, 10 words test by AR Luria, Wexler's test, Schultz tables. The assessment was carried out on a day before the intervention and on the fifth day after the surgical intervention. It was shown that by all patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass syrgery microembolization within the cerebral blood flow had been determined. The vast majority of microemboli is formed at the beginning of artificial blood circulation, at the moment of clamping aorta, as well as during the restoration of effective cardiac activity. Intraoperative microembolization of cerebral blood flow in excess of 750 microemboli leads to clinically significant deterioration of the brain functions in the early postoperative period. When used as a peripheral vasodilator, nitroglycerin, at a dose of 8-10 μg/kg*min in high (120-130%) volume perfusion rate, decreases the number of microemboluses in the basin of СМА by 2.4%.