Introduction: This article explores variation in survival and mortality of Danish melanoma patients from 2012 to 2017 in relation to their region of residence and socioeconomic status.
Methods: Data were extracted from The Danish Melanoma Database, a clinical register, based on reports from hospital departments and dermatologists, and designed for quality improvement. The analysis included covariates at the person and tumour level. A cohort analysis was implemented to quantify the variations and identify the underlying mechanisms behind regional and socioeconomic variations in mortality of melanoma patients.
Results: The mortality of melanoma patients varied between the five regions with mean hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 1.36 (1.07-1.74) in men and 1.44 (1.08-1.92) in women between the regions with highest and lowest mortality. Mortality was highest in the patients with the lowest income and shortest education. Regional variation in mortality was attributable to underlying variation in tumour stage and thickness, and it was not confounded by other covariates.
Conclusions: The two regions with the lowest mortality (highest survival) had high absolute incidence rates of stage IA and thin melanomas, indicating a high level of diagnostic activity in these regions. There was no regional variation in the incidence of advanced melanoma. The optimal level of diagnostic investigation of skin lesions has yet to be established.
Funding: none.
Trial Registration: not relevant.
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Pathol Res Pract
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Background: Patients with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) are commonly diagnosed at late disease stages and after primary tumors have disseminated in the peritoneum. The overexpression of tight junction proteins has been associated with poor prognosis in this setting, potentially reflecting the tumor´s adaptive changes in the disease cascade.
Methods: By performing immunohistochemistry in a large single-center cohort of a total of 705 HGSC, we test the hypothesis that the protein expression of PReferentially expressed Antigen of MElanoma (PRAME) contains prognostic, predictive or clinically translatable information.
Eur J Cancer
November 2024
University of Perugia, Unit of Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy.
A unique collaboration of multi-disciplinary experts from the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) was formed to make recommendations on cutaneous melanoma diagnosis and treatment, based on systematic literature reviews and the experts' experience. Cutaneous melanomas are excised with one to two-centimeter safety margins. For a correct stage classification and treatment decision, a sentinel lymph node biopsy shall be offered in patients with tumor thickness ≥ 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Open Medical Ltd, London, UK.
Background: The UK's National Health Service (NHS) is grappling with rising demand and limited dermatologists, leading to longer waiting times. This is particularly concerning for conditions like malignant melanoma, where early diagnosis is crucial. Teledermatology is being introduced to address these issues, but its impact on patients' monetary and time costs, especially in deprived areas, is under-researched.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Lett
December 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA; Enzyme by Design Inc., Chicago, USA; Research Biologist, Biological Science Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA. Electronic address:
L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is crucial in treating pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but its use is hampered by side effects from the immunogenicity and L-glutaminase (L-GLNase) co-activity of FDA-approved bacterial L-ASNases, often leading to treatment discontinuation and poor outcomes. The toxicity of these L-ASNases makes them especially challenging to use in adult cancer patients. To overcome these issues, we developed EBD-200, a humanized guinea pig L-ASNase with low Km and no L-GLNase activity, eliminating glutamine-related toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Clin Dermatol
December 2024
Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Department of Dermatology and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University, NCT Heidelberg, a partnership between DKFZ and University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Melanoma, a highly aggressive form of skin cancer, has seen significant advancements in treatment through the introduction of immunotherapy. However, the variability in patient responses underscores the need for reliable biomarkers to guide treatment decisions. This article reviews key biomarkers in melanoma immunotherapy, such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and gene expression profiles (GEPs).
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