Background: Autoimmune diseases result from the interplay of cellular effectors like T and B cells, regulatory cells in addition to molecular factors like cytokines and regulatory molecules.
Methods: Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to find out the literature of interest.
Results: Pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases involves typical factors such as genetic background including HLA and non HLA system genes, environmental factors such as infectious agents and inflammatory cells mainly T and B lymphocytes abnormally activated leading to immune dysfunction. Other recently reported less typical factors such as micro-RNAs, circular RNAs, myeloperoxidase, vimentine and microbiome dysbiosis seem to be potential target therapies.
Conclusion: We aimed in this manuscript to review common factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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