Children from language minority (LM) environments speak a language at home that differs from that at school, are often from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, and are at risk for reading impairment. We evaluated the main effects and interaction of language status and phonological memory and awareness on reading disorder in 352 children from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds. A significant phonological memory by language status interaction indicated that phonological memory problems were magnified in predicting reading impairment in children from LM versus English dominant (ED) homes. Among children without reading disorder, language minority status was unrelated to phonological processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0305000919000576 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Background: First-degree relatives of patients suffering from Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) are at increased risk for developing dementia, yet the associations between family history of AD and cognitive dysfunction remain unclear. Our study aims to understand the intricate interplay between familial risk factors and neurocognitive functioning in AD FDRs versus FDRs of other major psychiatric illnesses by comparing the neuro- cognitive functions of unaffected first-degree relatives (FDR) of patients with AD with unaffected FDR of other major psychiatric illness including Schizophrenia(SCHIZ), Substance use disorders(SUD), Obsessive compulsive disorders(OCD) and Bipolar disorder(BPAD). Subsequently, we also compare the Neuro cognitive performance of FDR's of AD at baseline and after two years longitudinally.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: Verbal fluency (VF) is crucial for language processing and cognitive flexibility, involving selective attention, inhibition, set shifting, response generation, and self-monitoring. VF assessment includes two distinct tasks, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Background: Language is frequently affected in patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS), with reduced performance in naming, syntactic comprehension, grammatical expression, and orthographic processing. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the language profile of patients with familial type 8 ALS (ALS8), linked to p.P56S VAPB mutation, is similar to sALS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Neuropsychol Child
January 2025
Department of Speech Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
The present study examined the effects of orthographic knowledge (OK), phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN), and phonological working memory (PWM) on the reading speed, accuracy, and comprehension of elementary school students. Results from a sample of 176 typically developing children in the second through fourth grades (mean age = 8.9 years) revealed that the correlation between reading and the other variables (PWM, PA, RAN, and OK) was significant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Neuropsychol Child
December 2024
Grupo de Lingüística y Neurobiología Experimental del Lenguaje, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales, Humanas y Ambientales (INCIHUSA), CCT-Mendoza, CONICET. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Económicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina (Sede Mendoza), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Unlabelled: Executive functions (EF), including verbal and visuospatial working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, are associated with academic skills such as copying and producing written texts in school-age children.
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the association between primary school children's executive function skills and their ability to copy and produce written texts.
Methodology: We included 282 children attending primary school (children in fourth to sixth grade; mean age = 10.
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