Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication observed in patients following. Here we tested the molecular mechanisms of memory loss in hippocampus of rat POCD model. We found that high-dose propofol anesthesia significantly alleviated spatial memory loss. The proteomes and transcriptomes in hippocampus showed that hippocampal cytoskeleton related pathways were abnormal in low group while not in high group. The protein assays confirmed that hippocampal actin cytoskeleton was depolymerized in low group while maintained in high group. This study confirms that high-dose propofol anesthesia could mitigate the development of POCD and provides evidences for actin cytoskeleton associated with this syndrome.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.09.024 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Molecular Medicine, Brain Signalling Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Section for Physiology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Propofol and ketamine are widely used general anaesthetics, but have different effects on consciousness: propofol gives a deeply unconscious state, with little or no dream reports, whereas vivid dreams are often reported after ketamine anaesthesia. Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, while propofol is a γ-aminobutyric-acid (GABAA) receptor positive allosteric modulator, but these mechanisms do not fully explain how these drugs alter consciousness. Most previous in vitro studies of cellular mechanisms of anaesthetics have used brain slices or neurons in a nearly "comatose" state, because no "arousing" neuromodulators were added.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsy Behav Rep
March 2025
Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China.
We presented a 7-year-old boy with refractory Epileptic Encephalopathy with Spike-and-Wave Activation in Sleep (EE-SWAS) successfully managed with a combination of propofol and midazolam. His seizures began at age 2, initially controlled by multiple antiseizure medications (ASMs) for almost three years. At age 5, seizures recurred with electroencephalography (EEG) showing electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) and a spike-wave index (SWI) of 85 %.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Medical Biochemistry, Harran University, Şanliurfa, TUR.
Objectives: Propofol and thiopental are widely used as hypnotic, sedative, antiepileptic, and analgesic agents in general anesthesia and intensive care; however, their side effects remain unknown. They are used for long periods and at high doses for sedation in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and intensive care units. Long-term and high-dose use of these drugs can lead to accumulation in plasma and tissues, resulting in high drug concentrations and increasing the risk of potential toxicity (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Intensive Care
December 2024
Department of Health Data Science, Graduate School of Data Science, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Yokohama, Kanazawa, 236-0027, Japan.
Background: Patients with severe respiratory failure have high mortality and need various interventions. However, the impact of intensivists on treatment choices, patient outcomes, and optimal intensivist staffing patterns is unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate treatments and clinical outcomes for patients at board-certified intensive care training facilities compared with those at non-certified facilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural Regen Res
December 2024
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
Debates regarding the specific effects of general anesthesia on developing brains have persisted for over 30 years. A consensus has been reached that prolonged, repeated, high-dose exposure to anesthetics is associated with a higher incidence of deficits in behavior and executive function, while single exposure has a relatively minor effect on long-term neurological function. In this review, we summarize the dose-dependent neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor agonists, a representative group of sedatives, on developing brains or central nervous system diseases.
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