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Quantitative Determination of a Series of Oxysterols by an Optimized LC-MS/MS Analysis in Different Tissue Types.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Oxysterols, as metabolites of cholesterol, play a key role in cholesterol homeostasis, autophagosome formation, and regulation of immune responses. Disorders in oxysterol metabolism are closely related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. To systematically investigate the profound molecular regulatory mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, it is necessary to quantify oxysterols and their metabolites in central and peripheral biospecimens simultaneously and accurately.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDownregulation of the SREBP pathways and disruption of redox status by 25-hydroxycholesterol predispose cells to ferroptosis.
Free Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, 1-3 Miyakodani, Tatara, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan. Electronic address:
Enzymatically formed side-chain oxysterols function as signaling molecules regulating cholesterol homeostasis and act as intermediates in the biosynthesis of bile acids. In addition to these physiological functions, an imbalance in oxysterol homeostasis has been implicated in pathophysiology. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) and its product 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC), also formed by autoxidation, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidence of sex differences in ozone-induced oxysterol and cytokine levels in differentiated human nasal epithelial cells.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol
December 2024
Center for Environmental Medicine, Asthma, and Lung Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Acute exposure to ozone (O) causes upper and lower airway inflammation. We and others have previously demonstrated that O oxidizes lipids, particularly cholesterol, into electrophilic oxysterols, such as secosterol B (SecoB), which can adduct proteins, thus altering cellular signaling pathways. To investigate how O-derived oxysterols influence cytokine and chemokine release, nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from healthy donors (N = 18 donors) were exposed to 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInteractions Determining Stereoselectivity in Two-Dimensional Systems─The Case of 22-Hydroxycholesterol Epimers.
J Phys Chem B
January 2025
Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, Kraków 30-387, Poland.
Oxidized derivatives of cholesterol play an important role in the functioning of biomembranes. Unlike other biomolecules, which are physiologically active in only one enantiomeric form, some oxysterols exist endogenously as two stereoisomers that exhibit strictly different biological effects. In this paper, we focused our attention on 22-hydroxycholesterol (22-OH) epimers, 22()-OH and 22()-OH, and examined their properties in Langmuir monolayers spread at the air/water interface, using classical surface manometry complemented with Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) images of the film texture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoles of 4'--Methylalpinum Isoflavone on Activation of Microglia Induced by Oxysterols.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea.
Microglia play a crucial role as immune cells responsible for the brain's defense mechanisms. Similar to the actions of macrophages in the body, microglial cells elicit an inflammatory immune response in the brain. Recent papers highlight activated microglial cells as pivotal contributors to inflammatory responses in the brain, leading to damage to nerve tissue and the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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