The Surgeon General has concluded that there is a causal relationship between depictions of smoking in movies and initiation of smoking among young persons (1). Youths heavily exposed to onscreen smoking imagery are more likely to begin smoking than are those with minimal exposure (1,2). To assess tobacco-use imagery in top-grossing youth-rated movies (General Audiences [G], Parental Guidance [PG], and Parents Strongly Cautioned [PG-13]),* 2010-2018 data from the Breathe California Sacramento Region and University of California-San Francisco's Onscreen Tobacco Database were analyzed. The percentage of all top-grossing movies with tobacco incidents remained stable from 2010 (45%) to 2018 (46%), including youth-rated movies (31% both years). However, total tobacco incidents increased 57% from 2010 to 2018, with a 120% increase in PG-13 movies. Tobacco incidents in PG-13 fictional movies declined 57% from 511 in 2010 to an all-time low of 221 in 2018. Although the number of PG-13 fictional movies with tobacco incidents declined 40% during 2010-2018, the number of PG-13 biographical dramas with tobacco incidents increased 233%. In 2018, biographical dramas accounted for most tobacco incidents, including 82% of incidents in PG-13 movies; 73% of characters who used tobacco in these biographical dramas were fictional. Continued efforts could help reduce tobacco incidents in top-grossing movies, particularly in PG-13 biographical dramas, to help prevent youth smoking initiation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6843a4 | DOI Listing |
Background: Some individual-level interventions for dementia risk factors could be cost saving. We aimed to estimate the cost effectiveness of population-level interventions for tackling dementia risk factors. We found such interventions for tobacco smoking, excess alcohol use, diet modification to decrease hypertension and obesity, air pollution, and head injury.
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December 2024
Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: To estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in a population-based cohort from India and assess the potential modifiable factors of cognitive impairment.
Method: We used the population-representative data from the longitudinal Precision-CARRS study from Delhi and Chennai, India. The cohort was recruited in two waves, CARRS-1 in 2010-11 and CARRS-2 in 2015-16.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Background: Attributable fractions (AFs) of the modifiable risk factors of dementia are usually calculated using population-based samples. Nevertheless, assessing AF within cohorts offers a more nuanced perspective on the impact of these factors. We aimed to estimate the relative risks (RRs) for cognitive impairment (CI) for eight risk factors for dementia and their respective AF in the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
American Samoa Community Cancer Coalition, Pago Pago, American Samoa.
Background: The American Samoa population has high prevalence for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) risk factors (e.g. tobacco use, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes), however ADRD risk has not been defined or assessed.
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December 2024
Center for Biomedical Semantics and Data Intelligence (CBSDI), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) among elderly population is a strong risk factor for dementia. Anxiety disorder also poses a great toll on cognitive health and is commonly diagnosed among individuals with AUD. However, the additive and interactive roles of AUD-anxiety disorder comorbidities on cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) is poorly studied.
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