Three experiments investigated the extent to which (a) individuals with autism show a self-reference effect (i.e., better memory for self-relevant information), and (b) the size of the self-reference effect is associated with autism traits. Participants studied trait adjectives in relation to their own name (self-referent) or a celebrity's name (other-referent) under explicit and incidental/implicit encoding conditions. Explicit encoding involved judging whether the adjectives applied to self or other (denoted by proper names). Implicit encoding involved judging whether the adjectives were presented to the right or left of one's own or a celebrity's name. Recognition memory for the adjectives was tested using a yes/no procedure. Experiment 1 (individual differences; N = 257 neurotypical adults) employed the Autism-spectrum Quotient as a measure of autistic traits. Experiments 2 (n = 60) and 3 (n = 52) involved case-control designs with closely matched groups of autistic and neurotypical adults and children/adolescents, respectively. Autistic traits were measured using the Autism-spectrum Quotient and Social Responsiveness Scale, respectively. In all experiments, a significant self-reference effect was observed in both explicit and implicit encoding conditions. Most importantly, however, there was (a) no significant relation between size of the self-reference effect and number of autistic traits (Experiments 1, 2, and 3), and (b) no significant difference in the size of the self-reference effect between autistic and neurotypical participants (Experiments 2 and 3). In these respects, Bayesian analyses consistently suggested that the data supported the null hypothesis. These results challenge the notion that subjective or objective self-awareness are impaired in autism. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6975523 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/abn0000467 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
The Narrative Coherence of Autistic Children's Accounts of an Experienced Event in Response to Different Interviewer Prompts: A Longitudinal Study.
J Autism Dev Disord
December 2024
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Purpose: This study explored the narrative coherence of the accounts of an experienced event produced by autistic and neurotypical children (ages 6-15 years) after delays of two weeks and two months.
Methods: The sample comprised 27 autistic children and 32 neurotypical peers, who were interviewed about the event using the Revised National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Investigative Interview Protocol. The study focused on assessing the narrative coherence of children's reports, emphasizing key story grammar elements and temporal features in their narratives.
Testing the Proteus Effect in Autistic and Neurotypical Participants.
Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw
December 2024
School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
This study examined the Proteus effect in autistic and neurotypical participants via the video game, The Sims. Thirty-two participants (16 autistic, 16 neurotypical) participated in a free-play session of The Sims, playing as either an attractive or unattractive avatar. In line with predictions, participants who had played as the attractive avatar negotiated for a significantly larger share of a fictional pot of money during a post-play economic game.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEXPRESS: Atypical Implicit and Explicit Sense of Agency in Autism: a complete characterization using the Cue integration approach.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove)
December 2024
Psychology Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal Qc, Canada.
There exist indications that sense of agency (SoA), the experience of being the cause of one's own actions and actions' outcomes, is altered in autism. However, no studies in autism have simultaneously investigated the integration mechanisms underpinning both implicit and explicit SoA, the two levels of agency proposed by the innovative Cue integration approach. Our study establishes a first complete characterization of SoA functioning in autism, by comparing age- and IQ-matched samples of autistic versus neurotypical adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreastfeeding Journeys: Comparing Mothers' Experiences with Autistic and Neurotypical Infants.
J Autism Dev Disord
December 2024
Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, Nashville, TN, USA.
Breastfeeding is a complex task that requires proficiency at several key developmental skills to feed successfully. It is unclear how Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects an infant's breastfeeding experience and conflicting reports exist on shortened breastfeeding duration in infants later diagnosed with ASD. The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of mothers breastfeeding both their autistic and neurotypical children to better understand the differences in their breastfeeding experiences and maternal and infant factors that contributed to breastfeeding cessation in their autistic child.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFactors Influencing the Oral Health Behaviours of Autistic Children and Young People: A Qualitative Study.
Health Expect
December 2024
Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
Background: Poor oral health (OH) in childhood can cause pain, affect quality of life and significantly impact adult OH. Autistic children and young people (CYP) experience inequalities in OH and are at higher risk of cavities and gum disease than neurotypical CYP.
Objective: To provide evidence and insights into the factors affecting the OH behaviours of ACYP from the perspective of ACYP, their parents/carers and Dental Health Professionals (DHPs).
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!