CIDP spectrum encompasses several clinical variants and the reasons of the heterogeneous clinical expression and the variable response to therapy are scarcely known. HLA associations are common in dysimmune conditions. In CIDP, few studies reported no associations or HLA-DR13/DQ6 association in some populations but, to date, a clear confirmed association is lacking. We analyzed expression of HLA-DR and DQ haplotypes in 24 CIDP patients and 216 healthy subject. HLA-DR3 and DR3/DQ2 were significantly more frequent in CIDP patients than in the control group. The DR3 and DR3/DQ2 positive patients present with more frequent relapsing course, worse response to IVIg, higher inflammatory neuropathy sensory sumscore (ISS) and Rotterdam Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment Scale (INCAT) than negative patients.
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