Transcutaneous Hemoglobin Screening in an Adult Orthopaedic Trauma Population.

Objectives: To evaluate a noninvasive hemoglobin measurement device in an orthopaedic trauma population.

Design: Prospective.

Setting: Level 1 trauma center.

Patients/participants: One hundred five patients consecutively admitted to the orthopaedic trauma service after surgical treatment of fracture.

Intervention: Transcutaneous hemoglobin (TcHgb) monitoring using the Masimo Pronto Pulse CO-Oximeter model with Rainbow SET Technology for spot TcHgb measurement.

Main Outcome Measurements: TcHgb measurements and standard venipuncture hemoglobin (vHgb) were obtained. Patient preferences for each were recorded.

Results: TcHgb measurements were obtained in 100 patients and compared with their corresponding vHgb measurements. The mean vHgb and TcHgb were 10.2 ± 1.9 g/dL and 11.2 ± 2.1 g/dL, respectively, and the mean difference was 1.1 ± 1.6 g/dL, which was statistically different from 0 (P < 0.001). In 76% of cases, the TcHgb device overestimated vHgb. In a subgroup of patients undergoing procedures with minimal expected blood loss (external fixators of knee or ankle, irrigation and debridement, or open reduction and internal fixation of ankle or calcaneal fractures), the mean difference between vHgb and TcHgb was 0.68 ± 1.6 g/dL (P = 0.06).

Conclusions: A preliminary study of TcHgb monitoring with the tested device as a potential screening mechanism to limit unnecessary blood draws showed statistical difference from vHgb; however, the mean bias 1.1 g/dL of hemoglobin was notably small. In a subgroup of patients undergoing procedures with minimal expected blood loss, the device may have merit. Larger studies are required to determine the clinical relevance of differences in measurements between the 2 methods.

Level Of Evidence: Diagnostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.