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Extracellular vesicles nanoarray technology: Immobilization of individual extracellular vesicles on nanopatterned polyethylene glycol-lipid conjugate brushes. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focuses on a new method for studying individual extracellular vesicles (EVs) by immobilizing them on a specially designed chip that has a nanopatterned surface.
  • A microfluidic device is used to uniformly expose EVs across the chip, which features a high-density array of tiny spots made from a PEG-lipid mixture.
  • Researchers detail the process of creating this chip using advanced techniques like electron beam lithography and demonstrate its effectiveness by immobilizing and analyzing EVs from different cell types, showcasing their structural and deformability characteristics.

Article Abstract

Arraying individual extracellular vesicles (EVs) on a chip is expected one of the promising approaches for investigating their inherent properties. In this study, we immobilized individual EVs on a surface using a nanopatterned tethering chip-based versatile platform. A microfluidic device was used to ensure soft, reproducible exposure of the EVs over the whole chip surface. The device is incorporated with a high-density nanoarray chip patterned with 200-nm diameter nanospots composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipid conjugate brushes. We present a procedure adopted for fabricating high-density PEG-lipid modified nanospots (200 nmϕ, 5.0 × 105 spots/mm2 in 2 × 2 mm2 area). This procedure involves nanopatterning using electron beam lithography, followed by multistep selective chemical modification. Aqueous treatment of a silane coupling agent, used as a linker between PEG-lipid molecules and the silicon surface, was the key step that enabled surface modification using a nanopatterned resist film as a mask. The nanoarray chip was removed from the device for subsequent measurements such as atomic force microscopy (AFM). We developed a prototype device and individually immobilized EVs derived from different cell lines (Sk-Br-3 and HEK293) on tethering nanospots. We characterized EV's morphology using AFM and showed the possibility of evaluating the deformability of EVs using the aspect ratio as an indicator.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6812765PMC
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0224091PLOS

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