We propose a simple protocol exploiting the thermalization of a storage bipartite system S to extract work from a resource system R. The protocol is based on a recent work definition involving only a single bath. A general description of the protocol is provided without specifying the characteristics of S. We quantify both the extracted work and the ideal efficiency of the process, also giving maximum bounds for them. Then, we apply the protocol to two cases: two interacting qubits and the Rabi model. In both cases, for very strong couplings, an extraction of work comparable with the bare energies of the subsystems of S is obtained and its peak is reached for finite values of the bath temperature, T. We finally show, in the Rabi model at T=0, how to transfer the work stored in S to an external device, permitting thus a cyclic implementation of the whole work-extraction protocol. Our proposal makes use of simple operations not needing fine control.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.100.032143 | DOI Listing |
Health Res Policy Syst
January 2025
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Health Promotion and Prevention, Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
Background: Childhood obesity is a preventable global public health challenge, increasingly recognized as a complex problem, stemming from complex drivers. Obesity is characterized by multiple interdependencies and diverse influences at different societal levels. Tackling childhood obesity calls for a holistic approach that engages with complexity and recognizes that there is no single "magic bullet" intervention to prevent obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acoust Soc Am
January 2025
University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Improved hardware and processing techniques such as synthetic aperture sonar have led to imaging sonar with centimeter resolution. However, practical limitations and old systems limit the resolution in modern and legacy datasets. This study proposes using single image super resolution based on a conditioned diffusion model to map between images at different resolutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2025
Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, OX3 7TY Oxford, United Kingdom.
Nucleic acid nanostructures offer unique opportunities for biomedical applications due to their sequence-programmable structures and functions, which enable the design of complex responses to molecular cues. Control of the biological activity of therapeutic cargoes based on endogenous molecular signatures holds the potential to overcome major hurdles in translational research: cell specificity and off-target effects. Endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used to profile cell type and cell state, and are ideal inputs for RNA nanodevices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Biomech (Bristol)
January 2025
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK; Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Background: Knee loading is associated with the severity and progression of knee osteoarthritis, while knee pain contributes to reduced functional ability and quality of life. In this systematic review, we quantified knee loading and knee pain during different daily activities in people with knee osteoarthritis and explored methodological reasons for differences between studies.
Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and manual searches were performed up to July 2024, to retrieve studies measuring knee loading and knee pain in walking, sit-to-stand and stair climbing of people with knee osteoarthritis.
Biofabrication
January 2025
Materials Science & Engineering, Stanford University, McCullough 246, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California, 94305-6104, UNITED STATES.
Advances in biofabrication have enabled the generation of freeform perfusable networks mimicking vasculature. However, key challenges remain in the effective endothelialization of these complex, vascular-like networks, including cell uniformity, seeding efficiency, and the ability to pattern multiple cell types. To overcome these challenges, we present an integrated fabrication and endothelialization strategy to directly generate branched, endothelial cell-lined networks using a diffusion-based, embedded 3D bioprinting process.
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