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When is it subfunctionalization and when is it not?
G3 (Bethesda)
January 2025
Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
New genes arise from duplication followed by divergence. The most common fate of a duplication is one copy is deleted to return to a single copy. But if divergence occurs, the function of the gene can be split between the two copies, which is called subfunctionalization, or a new function can arise, which is called neofunctionalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacogenomics is a growing area of medicine, and pharmacists across clinical practice settings have the opportunity to individualize medication selection and dosing using genetic data. However, many practicing pharmacists may feel ill-equipped to interpret pharmacogenomic test results because of insufficient education and training. Evidence-based, updated, and freely available resources such as the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines can help pharmacists interpret and apply pharmacogenomic test results to patient care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe last decade of air pollution epidemiology and the challenges of quantitative risk assessment.
Environ Health
November 2024
Spadaro Environmental Research Consultants (SERC), Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Epidemiologic research and quantitative risk assessment play a crucial role in transferring fundamental scientific knowledge to policymakers so they can take action to reduce the burden of ambient air pollution. This commentary addresses several challenges in quantitative risk assessment of air pollution that require close attention. The background to this discussion provides a summary of and conclusions from the epidemiological evidence on ambient air pollution and health outcomes accumulated since the 1990s.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeglecting the impact of normalization in semi-synthetic RNA-seq data simulations generates artificial false positives.
Genome Biol
October 2024
RAND Corporation, 90401, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
A recent study reported exaggerated false positives by popular differential expression methods when analyzing large population samples. We reproduce the differential expression analysis simulation results and identify a caveat in the data generation process. Data not truly generated under the null hypothesis led to incorrect comparisons of benchmark methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBroader Issues in Test Translation and Validation: A Commentary Inspired by Macina et al. (2023).
J Pers Assess
October 2024
CERVO Brain Research Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Macina et al. (2023) recently reported mixed results on the German translation of the Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS). By focusing on suboptimal indices of structural validity, they recommended choosing other available instruments over the SIFS in future research on personality impairment.
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