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Life-history adaptation under climate warming magnifies the agricultural footprint of a cosmopolitan insect pest.
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Ecology and Genetics, Program of Animal Ecology. Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden.
Climate change is affecting population growth rates of ectothermic pests with potentially dire consequences for agriculture and global food security. However, current projection models of pest impact typically overlook the potential for rapid genetic adaptation, making current forecasts uncertain. Here, we predict how climate change adaptation in life-history traits of insect pests affects their growth rates and impact on agricultural yields by unifying thermodynamics with classic theory on resource acquisition and allocation trade-offs between foraging, reproduction, and maintenance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSID-2 is a conserved extracellular vesicle protein that is not associated with environmental RNAi in parasitic nematodes.
Open Biol
November 2024
Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
In the free-living nematode the transmembrane protein SID-2 imports double-stranded RNA into intestinal cells to trigger systemic RNA interference (RNAi), allowing organisms to sense and respond to environmental cues such as the presence of pathogens. This process, known as environmental RNAi, has not been observed in the most closely related parasites that are also within clade V. Previous sequence-based searches failed to identify orthologues in available clade V parasite genomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCementless, Cruciate-Retaining Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Conventional Instrumentation: Technical Pearls and Intraoperative Considerations.
JBJS Essent Surg Tech
September 2024
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Article Synopsis
- Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgical procedure for patients with severe knee osteoarthritis, especially when non-surgical treatments fail, leading to significant improvements in pain, function, and quality of life.
- The procedure can use various components (cemented, cementless, or a hybrid) and is generally performed with a focus on mechanical alignment, although newer alignment strategies like gap and kinematic balancing are showing promising results in early studies.
- The preferred surgical technique for cementless TKA involves a specific patient positioning and incision approach, starting with the application of a thigh tourniquet and a parapatellar incision, ensuring proper alignment and access during the surgery.*
Precarity and Hope at the Intersections of HIV and Cervical Cancer in a Johannesburg Clinic.
Med Anthropol
August 2024
Wits HIV and Reproductive Health Institute, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
In a tragically ironic twist, antiretroviral therapy (ART) that promised an end to AIDS ushered in a syndemic of viral cancers, transforming hope to despair. In this article we draw from the illness narratives of HIV positive women attending a cervical cancer screening clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa, and chart their pathways from HIV to cancer, and their quest for treatment. Our interlocutors described protracted struggles to access surgical procedures to prevent the onset of cervical cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel, Dual-Initiator, Continuous-Suspension Grafting Strategy for the Preparation of PP-g-AA-MAH Fibers to Remove of Indigo from Wastewater.
Polymers (Basel)
July 2024
Karamay Zhiyuan Bochuang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Karamay 834000, China.
The indigo dye found in wastewater from printing and dyeing processes is potentially carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic, making it a serious threat to the health of animals, plants, and humans. Motivated by the growing need to remove indigo from wastewater, this study prepared novel fiber absorbents using melt-blow polypropylene (PP) melt as a matrix, as well as acrylic acid (AA) and maleic anhydride (MAH) as functional monomers. The modification conditions were studied to optimize the double-initiation, continuous-suspension grafting process, and then functional fibers were prepared by melt-blown spinning the modified PP.
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