Terpenoids from the Stems of and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

Twelve new terpenoids (-) were isolated from the stems of , an anti-inflammatory medicinal plant traditionally used in Vietnam. Most of them (-) possess a sesquiterpenoid backbone (e.g., guaiane, germacrane, and cadinane) connected to a 2'---cinnamoyl)-β-d-glucopyranose moiety, which is rare in Nature. Among them, compounds (5/8-fused ring) and (spiran [4,5] ring) represent uncommonly rearranged sesquiterpenoids. Compounds - are a novel monoterpene and two megastigmane derivatives, respectively. The individual structures were elucidated by combining NMR and MS data, and their configuration was established in NOESY and ECD experiments. Compounds - were also examined for their potential to interact with nuclear factor-kappa B activator protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) signaling by using the myelomonocytic reporter cell line THP-1Blue-CD14. Compounds - showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects [IC 13.7 μM () to 49.0 μM ()] on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. However, compounds to also negatively affected cell viability in the same concentration range, while compound was less potently cytotoxic.