Chemical Modification of the Yeast Cell Surface Allows the Switch Between Display and Soluble Secretion of Full-Length Antibodies.

The classical yeast surface display (YSD)-based antibody hit discovery relies on the enrichment of candidates from large antibody fragment libraries by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), followed by sequencing of the remaining diversity. The sequences of hit candidates are then transferred into plasmids, which allow their expression as full-length IgG in mammalian cells. After production and downstream processing, antibodies are further qualified in biochemical and functional assays. This multistep process has been proven to be successful in academia and has also found its way to the biopharmaceutical industry. However, during the recent decade, several groups tried to simplify this process by enabling either switchable or simultaneous secretion and display of antibodies or antibody fragments by yeast cells. Therefore, functional testing of candidates can be accomplished immediately during the screening process, while eliminating the need for tedious sequence reformatting and production host change. In this protocol, we give guidance for the establishment of a full-length antibody display system on yeast cells, which permits a simple switch to soluble antibody secretion.