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Neural correlates of working memory training: Evidence for plasticity in older adults.
Neuroimage
August 2020
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States. Electronic address:
Brain activity typically increases with increasing working memory (WM) load, regardless of age, before reaching an apparent ceiling. However, older adults exhibit greater brain activity and reach ceiling at lower loads than younger adults, possibly reflecting compensation at lower loads and dysfunction at higher loads. We hypothesized that WM training would bolster neural efficiency, such that the activation peak would shift towards higher memory loads after training.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGray matter responsiveness to adaptive working memory training: a surface-based morphometry study.
Brain Struct Funct
December 2016
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
Here we analyze gray matter indices before and after completing a challenging adaptive cognitive training program based on the n-back task. The considered gray matter indices were cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (CSA). Twenty-eight young women (age range 17-22 years) completed 24 training sessions over the course of 3 months (12 weeks, 24 sessions), showing expected performance improvements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe functional connectivity landscape of the human brain.
PLoS One
January 2016
Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States of America; Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
Functional brain networks emerge and dissipate over a primarily static anatomical foundation. The dynamic basis of these networks is inter-regional communication involving local and distal regions. It is assumed that inter-regional distances play a pivotal role in modulating network dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeural effects of short-term training on working memory.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci
March 2014
MIND Research Institute, Irvine, CA, USA,
Working memory training has been the focus of intense research interest. Despite accumulating behavioral work, knowledge about the neural mechanisms underlying training effects is scarce. Here, we show that 7 days of training on an n-back task led to substantial performance improvements in the trained task; furthermore, the experimental group showed cross-modal transfer, as compared with an active control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is accumulating evidence that training on working memory (WM) generalizes to other nontrained domains, and there are reports of transfer effects extending as far as to measures of fluid intelligence. Although there have been several demonstrations of such transfer effects in young adults and children, they have been difficult to demonstrate in older adults. In this study, we investigated the generalizing effects of an adaptive WM intervention on nontrained measures of WM and visuospatial skills.
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