To determine the number and types of non-terminal degree programs offered at US schools and colleges of pharmacy. The websites of 136 schools and colleges of pharmacy that offered the Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) degree and were accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education were examined to see if they also offered any non-terminal degrees. The school web sites were also compared to identify any variations in degrees offered based on class size, institution type (public or private), and age of program. Thirty programs did not offer any additional degree programs. Twenty-three schools (17%) offered a bachelor's degree(s) program, 17 of which were standalone Bachelor of Science programs, five were restricted availability or pass-through degrees and one offered both. Restricted availability is a bachelor's degree given to students who reach milestones in the PharmD program, but they must be in the PharmD program to receive the degree. Research-based and administrative-based master's degree programs were offered by 56 (41.1%) and 28 (20.6%) schools respectively. Finally, 92 (67.6%) schools offered dual degree programs where students could simultaneously earn their PharmD and an additional degree. Given the challenges that US pharmacy schools face with decreasing applicants and lower enrollment in PharmD programs, they may find this data helpful as they consider solutions such as adding additional degree programs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5688/ajpe6917 | DOI Listing |
Oral Dis
January 2025
Primary Care/Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, State University of Montes Claros (Unimontes), Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Objective: To summarize the evidence on the relationship between hereditary family history and nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOC) in patients from various Brazilian states.
Methods: This cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted at six specialized orofacial cleft services across different regions of Brazil. The sample consisted of 1899 patients with NSOC, including cleft lip only (NSCLO), cleft palate only (NSCPO), and cleft lip and palate (NSCLP).
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2025
School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
Objective: To track quantitative laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) and voice outcome survey (VOS) changes over 12 months postiatrogenic unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP). To explore the factors influencing these changes.
Study Design: Historical cohort study.
Cancer Med
February 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO) GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Background: Lung cancer (LC) is the top cause of cancer deaths globally, prompting many countries to adopt LC screening programs. While screening typically relies on age and smoking intensity, more efficient risk models exist. We devised a Bayesian network (BN) for LC detection, testing its resilience with varying degrees of missing data and comparing it to a prior machine learning (ML) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
January 2025
Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.
The emerging semiconductor micro/nanocrystals with intrinsic anisotropy have provided new perspectives for low-cost and simplified polarimetry. However, the low polarization sensitivity of state-of-the-art polarimeters based on anisotropic semiconductors under weak and partially polarized light severely hinders their practical application in complex dim environments. Here, a photo-adaptive polarization-sensitive organic phototransistor (POL-OPT) is demonstrated for bionic weak-light polarization perception.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Exp Anal Behav
January 2025
Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA.
The effects of punishment rate on response allocation were investigated using a choice procedure where relative reinforcement rates changed rapidly within session. Predictions from a modified version of the direct-suppression model were tested in two separate experiments. In both experiments, sessions were composed of seven unsignaled components, each programming a different reinforcement ratio.
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