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A tension offloading patch mitigates dermal fibrosis induced by pro-fibrotic skin injections.
Res Sq
March 2024
Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Skin fibrosis is a serious skin problem, especially for people with diabetes who use insulin, and it can make insulin absorption harder.
- Researchers created pig models to study skin fibrosis caused by a drug and found that using a special patch to relieve skin tension can help prevent and even fix this problem.
- The study also showed that a certain treatment (IL4) can help reduce skin fibrosis in both pigs and humans, suggesting that this patch could be really helpful for people who rely on insulin.
Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on liver and breast muscle fat deposition, lipid levels, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in ducks.
Front Vet Sci
February 2024
Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.
Article Synopsis
- Exogenous supplementation of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) was studied in ducks to see its effects on fat deposition, lipid levels, and gene expression related to lipid metabolism.
- Ducks were divided into four groups: a control group with a regular diet and three experimental groups receiving different doses of GAA (400, 600, and 800 mg/kg).
- Results showed that GAA significantly reduced cholesterol and triglyceride levels in both liver and breast muscle, with the most effective dose being 600 mg/kg, which also enhanced specific lipid metabolism-related gene expressions.
GLP-1 metabolite GLP-1(9-36) is a systemic inhibitor of mouse and human pancreatic islet glucagon secretion.
Diabetologia
March 2024
Metabolic Physiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Aims/hypothesis: Diabetes mellitus is associated with impaired insulin secretion, often aggravated by oversecretion of glucagon. Therapeutic interventions should ideally correct both defects. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has this capability but exactly how it exerts its glucagonostatic effect remains obscure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal cortisol exposure impairs adrenal function but not glucose metabolism in adult sheep.
J Endocrinol
March 2024
Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines how increased fetal cortisol levels, common in adverse prenatal conditions, affects adult sheep's metabolism and hormonal responses, particularly focusing on glucose-insulin dynamics and pituitary-adrenal function.
- Results indicated that while birth weight remained unchanged, lambs whose mothers received cortisol during late gestation had higher body weight after birth, but their glucose and insulin sensitivity were unaffected by prenatal cortisol levels.
- However, prenatal cortisol exposure led to reduced adrenal responsiveness in adulthood, notably lower cortisol responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and higher concentrations of ACTH, suggesting that prenatal cortisol can alter stress response mechanisms later in life.
Cholesterol regulates insulin-induced mTORC1 signaling.
J Cell Sci
November 2023
Intracellular Trafficking Laboratory, Transdisciplinary Biology Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India.
The rapid activation of the crucial kinase mechanistic target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) by insulin is key to cell growth in mammals, but the regulatory factors remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that cholesterol plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin-stimulated mTORC1 signaling. The rapid progression of insulin-induced mTORC1 signaling declines in sterol-depleted cells and restores in cholesterol-repleted cells.
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