Electronic doping of semiconductor nanomaterials can be efficiently achieved using electrochemistry. However, the injected charge carriers are usually not very stable. After disconnecting the cell that is used for electrochemical doping, the carrier density drops, typically in several minutes. While there are multiple possible causes for this, we demonstrate here using n-doped ZnO quantum-dot (QD) films of variable thickness that the dominant mechanism is reduction of solvent impurities by the injected electrons. We subsequently investigate two different ways to enhance the doping stability of ZnO QD films. The first method uses preemptive reduction of the solvent impurities; the second method involves a solid covering the QD film, which hinders impurity diffusion to the film. Both methods enhance the doping stability of the QD films greatly.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5124534 | DOI Listing |
Phys Chem Chem Phys
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
Naphthalenediimide (NDI)-based donor-acceptor co-polymers with tunable electronic, optical, mechanical, and transport properties have shown immense potential as n-type conducting polymers in organic (opto)electronics. During the operation, the polymers undergo reduction at different charged states, which alters their (opto)electronic properties mainly due to the formation of the quasiparticles, polaron/bipolaron. The theoretical study based on quantum mechanical calculations can provide us with a detailed understanding of their (opto)electronic properties, which is missing to a great extent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem A
January 2025
Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Cotton University, Guwahati 781001, India.
The complete conversion of dinitrogen to ammonia mediated by a side-on N-bound carbene-beryllium complex, [NHC-Be(η-N)] has been studied considering both the symmetric and unsymmetric pathways. -heterocyclic carbenes complexed with Be(η-N) moieties were considered substrates in our study. We found that two mechanistic pathways were possible for the reduction of dinitrogen to form ammonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
November 2024
State Research Center-Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Zhivopisnaya Str., Bld. 46, 123098 Moscow, Russia.
Background: Radiochemical purity is a key criterion for the quality of radiopharmaceuticals used in clinical practice. The joint improvement of analytical methods capable of identifying related radiochemical impurities and determining the actual radiochemical purity, as well as the improvement of synthesis methods to minimize the formation of possible radiochemical impurities, is integral to the implementation of high-tech nuclear medicine procedures. PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy with lutetium-177 has emerged as an effective treatment option for prostate cancer, and [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and [Lu]Lu-PSMA have achieved global recognition as viable radiopharmaceuticals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceutics
November 2024
College of Pharmacy and Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
This study investigates the impact of supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process parameters on the particle formation of telmisartan, a poorly water-soluble drug. A fractional factorial design was employed to examine the influence of the SAS process parameters, including solvent ratio, drug solution concentration, temperature, pressure, injection rate of drug solution, and CO₂ flow rate, on particle formation. Solid-state characterizations of the SAS process particles using XRD and FT-IR confirmed their amorphous nature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
December 2024
College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Poor breathability, inadequate flexibility, bulky wearability, and insufficient gas-adsorption capacity always limit the developments and applications of conventional chemical protective clothing (CPC). To create a lightweight, breathable, and flexible fabric with a high gas-absorption capacity, activated carbon (AC)-loaded poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA) porous composite fibres were fabricated from a mixed wet-spinning process integrated with a solvent-free phase separation process. By manipulating the pore parameters of as-spun composite fibres, the exposure-immobilization of AC particles on the fibre surface can offer a higher gas-absorption capacity and better AC-loading stability.
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