Lessons from studying the AU-rich elements in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.

J Autoimmun

School of Biology, Department of Development, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Division of Immunology, Alexander Fleming Biomedical Sciences Research Center, Greece. Electronic address:

Published: November 2019

AU-rich elements (AREs) comprise one of the most widely studied families of regulatory RNA structures met in RNAs engaged in complex immunological reactions. A multitude of genetic, molecular, holistic and functional studies have been utilized for the analyses of the AREs and their interactions to proteins that bind to them. Data stemming from these studies brought forth a world of RNA-related check-points against infection, chronic inflammation, tumor associated immunity, and autoimmunity; and the interest to capitalize the interactions of AREs for clinical management and therapy. They also provided lessons on the cellular capabilities of post-transcriptional control. Originally thought as transcript-restricted regulators of turnover and translation, ARE-binding proteins do in fact harbor great versatility and interactivity across nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments; and act as functional coordinators of immune-cellular programs. Harnessing these deterministic functions requires extensive knowledge of their synergies or antagonisms at a cell-specific level; but holds great promise since it can provide the efficacy of combinatorial therapies with single agents.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102334DOI Listing

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