Metal occupational exposure limits mainly focus on total content of the respective metals of interest. The methods applied for trace metal analysis in occupational health and safety laboratories are usually standardized to pragmatic consensus digestion schemes, ensuring comparability of results. The objective of the present study entailed the evaluation of a recently developed HNO3-only microwave-assisted digestion procedure by comparison with the German consensus hot-block digestion and other national digestion schemes. An inter-laboratory comparison test with participation of nine national occupational health and safety laboratories from Europe and North America was organized. For adequate emulation of what workers are at risk of inhaling four different industrial metal processing workplace dusts (electronic recycling, high-speed steel grinding, cylinder head cleaning, and battery combustion ash) were homogenized and sieved to the particle size < 100 µm diameter at IFA. The participants were asked to process air sample-typical amounts according to the German hot-plate technique, the IFA microwave-assisted digestion scheme as well as their national or in-house conventional digestion method for airborne dust and analyze for Cd, Co, Cr, Co, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Recoveries (relative to consensus open-vessel digestion) obtained for the new IFA microwave-assisted digestion were between 88 and 114% and relative reproducibility standard deviations were <10% for most metals of interest. The in-house digestion procedures applied varied widely but (whether microwave, hot block, or open vessel) yielded comparable results for the predominantly elemental alloy type dusts supplied. Results become more diverse for the combustion dust, especially if a combination of microwave-assisted digestion procedures with high temperatures and hydrofluoric acid is applied. ISO 15202-2 is currently being revised; this digestion procedure will be included as a possible variant in annex 2.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxz068 | DOI Listing |
Foods
December 2024
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Instituto de Investigación Vitivinícola y Agroalimentaria (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain.
The intake of mushrooms provides numerous beneficial properties for the correct functioning of the human body due to their rich content in carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, vitamins, and minerals. However, most of the reports are focused on the determination of bioactive compounds and only a few regarding the essential mineral content and the evaluation of the RDI. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mineral composition of different cultivated ( and ) and wild edible mushrooms (, , , , , and ) collected in the south of Spain and north of Morocco.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Trace Elem Med Biol
December 2024
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan. Electronic address:
Background: Infant formulas are the primary source of nutrition for infants and babies when breastfeeding is unavailable, as they are enriched with a variety of macro- and micronutrients to improve their nutritional value and satisfy the different needs of babies. Recently, there has been a rising concern about toxic metal levels in infant formulas, as highlighted by various studies. However, there are currently no sufficient studies focusing on toxic metal levels of infant formulas in Jordan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China; National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address:
This study investigated the effects of microwave treatment combined with lysine and arginine on gluten-free quinoa sponge cakes. The results indicated that the addition of these amino acids during microwave treatment significantly increased the cakes' specific volume by 49 %. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that cake crystallinity reached 56.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Food Engineering and Bioprocess Technology Program, Department of Food, Agriculture, and Bioresources, School of Environment, Resources, and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand. Electronic address:
This research investigates the impact of microwave power, processing time, and solid-to-solvent ratio on protein recovery from foxtail millet (Setaria italica), using an artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic algorithm (GA). The extracted protein and subsequent hydrolysates were also evaluated for their techno-functional, structural, and digestibility properties. The ANN model, trained with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and optimized by a GA, identified optimal extraction conditions (960 W, 66.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Instituto de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.
Analytical methods for the determination of microplastics in sediments typically involve matrix drying, sieving, grinding, and flotation as part of the sample treatment. However, the real need for these steps and analytical validation studies are scarce. This work proposes a method that avoids the drying, sieving, and flotation procedures by using a direct acid attack of HNO₃/HCl (3:1) on wet sediment samples, assisted by microwave digestion.
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