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Cancer vaccines: platforms and current progress.
Mol Biomed
January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Cancer vaccines, crucial in the immunotherapeutic landscape, are bifurcated into preventive and therapeutic types, both integral to combating oncogenesis. Preventive cancer vaccines, like those against HPV and HBV, reduce the incidence of virus-associated cancers, while therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to activate dendritic cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes for durable anti-tumor immunity. Recent advancements in vaccine platforms, such as synthetic peptides, mRNA, DNA, cellular, and nano-vaccines, have enhanced antigen presentation and immune activation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcral Lentiginous Melanoma. Part II. Staging, Surgical Management, The Role of Systemic Therapy, Shortcomings and Future Directions.
J Am Acad Dermatol
January 2025
Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; Division of Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA. Electronic address:
This comprehensive review navigates the clinical management and challenges of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), including staging, surgical interventions, and systemic therapies. Multimodality treatment and clinical trials are recommended for advanced cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe potential role of machine learning and deep learning in differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and FTD using imaging biomarkers: A review.
Neuroradiol J
January 2025
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Introduction: The prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases has significantly increased, necessitating a deeper understanding of their symptoms, diagnostic processes, and prevention strategies. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two prominent neurodegenerative conditions that present diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms. To address these challenges, experts utilize a range of imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAchieving the state of Georgia 25% HIV incidence reduction target among men who have sex with men in Atlanta through expanded use of multimodal pre-exposure prophylaxis: A mathematical model.
PLoS One
January 2025
Maple Health Group, LLC, New York, United States of America.
The US faces substantial demographic and geographic disparities in both HIV burden and access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), an effective strategy to prevent HIV acquisition. Long-acting cabotegravir (CAB) is a novel, injectable PrEP option which demonstrated superior reduction in risk of HIV acquisition compared to daily-oral PrEP in the HPTN083 trial. We modelled the impact of increased PrEP initiations and the introduction of long-acting CAB on HIV incidence among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Atlanta, Georgia, a population with a high burden of HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRole and Prognostic Implications of Venous Outflow Assessment in Acute Ischemic Stroke.
J Neuroimaging
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: The venous outflow profile (VOP) is a crucial yet often overlooked aspect affecting stroke outcomes. It plays a major role in the physiopathology of acute cerebral ischemia, as it accounts for both the upstream arterial collaterals and cerebral microperfusion. This enables it to circumvent the limitations of various arterial collateral evaluation systems, which often fail to consider impaired autoregulation and its impact on cerebral blood flow at the microcirculatory levels.
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