Objective: It is important to understand the origins of antibiotic resistance genes so that risks associated with the emergence of novel resistance genes can be assessed and managed. The chromosomal ampC gene (CAV-1) of Aeromonas caviae (A. caviae) has been reported as the origin of mobile FOX cephalosporinases. The recent identification of A. caviae as the origin of MOX-2 cephalosporinases and the comparably great sequence divergence between FOX and MOX genes makes it unlikely that both genes arose from the same species. Therefore, this study investigated the origin of FOX cephalosporinases using large-scale genomics.
Methods: Publicly available genomes and plasmids were searched for FOX-like genes. Synteny and nucleotide identities of the identified FOX-like genes and their genetic environments were compared and a phylogenetic tree was generated.
Results: FOX-like genes were identified in > 230 Aeromonas genomes and in 46 Enterobacteriaceae isolates. Analysis of the genomic context of CAV-1 revealed a truncated insertion sequence directly upstream of the ampC gene. The chromosomal ampCs of A. caviae (n = 31) were 75-78% identical to CAV-1. In contrast, CAV-1, mobile FOX genes and their context were 95-98% similar to the chromosomal ampC-locus of Aeromonas allosaccharophila (A. allosaccharophila) (n = 6). The A. allosaccharophila ampCs formed a monophyletic branch with mobile FOX genes, whereas the A. caviae ampCs clustered with mobile MOX genes.
Conclusions: These findings show that FOX cephalosporinases originate not in A. caviae, as previously reported, but in A. allosaccharophila, which is a fish pathogen. This finding agrees with the hypothesis that antibiotic use in aquaculture could have contributed to the emergence of FOX genes in human pathogens.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.09.017 | DOI Listing |
JMIR Form Res
January 2025
Center for Cancer Health Equity, Rutgers Cancer Institute, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
Background: Cervical cancer disparities persist among minoritized women due to infrequent screening and poor follow-up. Structural and psychosocial barriers to following up with colposcopy are problematic for minoritized women. Evidence-based interventions using patient navigation and tailored telephone counseling, including the Tailored Communication for Cervical Cancer Risk (TC3), have modestly improved colposcopy attendance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContemp Clin Trials
December 2024
Butler Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Brown University, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Suite 2, Providence, RI 02906, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address:
Purpose: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an asynchronously delivered app, InBloom, for postpartum depression (PPD) prevention relative to an evidence-based synchronously delivered in-person intervention, ROSE (Reach Out, Stay Strong, Essentials for mothers of newborns) for depression and return on investment via a prospective randomized controlled trial and quasi-experimental cohort analyses.
Background: PPD affects 1 in 7 gestational parents in the US, causing emotional distress, consequences for infant development and child adjustment, disruptions in family relationships, and financial burden. ROSE is an evidence-based intervention administered as four in-person group sessions plus one postpartum booster session.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth
December 2024
School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have the potential to improve health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by aiding health workers to strengthen service delivery, as well as by helping patients and communities manage and prevent diseases. It is crucial to understand how best to implement mHealth within already burdened health services to maximally improve health outcomes and sustain the intervention in LMICs.
Objective: We aimed to identify key barriers to and facilitators of the implementation of mHealth interventions for infectious diseases in LMICs, drawing on a health systems analysis framework.
Neurosurg Focus
December 2024
2Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Objective: As robot systems for spine surgery have been developed, they have demonstrated a high degree of accuracy in screw placement without sacrificing safety or surgical efficiency. These robotic systems offer preoperative planning and real-time feedback to enhance surgical precision and mitigate human error. Nevertheless, limitations to their optimal performance remain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Hum Factors
November 2024
Doxy.me Research, Doxy.me, Inc., 3445 Winton Pl, #114, Rochester, NY, 14623, United States, 1 6025618861.
Background: A 2017 survey of patient perspectives showed overall willingness and comfort to use telemedicine, but low actual use. Given recent growth and widespread exposure of patients to telemedicine, patient preferences are likely to have changed.
Objective: This study aimed to (1) identify demographic trends in patient preferences and experiences; (2) measure ease of use and satisfaction of telemedicine; and (3) measure changes in telemedicine use, willingness, and comfort since 2017.
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