AI Article Synopsis
- Until recently, 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T) and 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T) were thought to be inactive byproducts of thyroid hormones, with little known about their significance in humans.
- This study aimed to explore how these compounds influence metabolic balance in human liver, utilizing primary human hepatocytes for experimentation.
- Findings revealed that these diiodothyronines reduce fat buildup in the liver and affect energy metabolism by interacting with specific cellular pathways, suggesting they play an important role in regulating metabolic health in humans.
Article Abstract
Until three decades, ago 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T) and 3,3'-diiodothyronine (3,3'-T) were considered products of thyroid hormone catabolism without biological activity. Some metabolic effects have been described in rodents, but the physiological relevance in humans and the mechanisms of action are unknown. Aim of this work was to investigate the role and the mechanisms of action of 3,5-T and 3,3'-T in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis in human liver. We used primary human hepatocytes freshly isolated from donors and grown on Matrigel as the golden standard in vitro model to study human hepatic metabolism. Results show that diiodothyronines in the range of plasma physiological concentrations reduced hepatic lipid accumulation, by modulating the activity of the mTORC1/Raptor complex through an AMPK-mediated mechanism, and stimulated the mTORC2/Rictor complex-activated pathway, leading to the down regulation of the expression of key gluconeogenic genes. Hence, we propose that diiodothyronines act as key regulators of hepatic metabolic homeostasis in humans.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2019.110604 | DOI Listing |
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