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Response Rate Following Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin Treatment Among Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase 1b/2 Pilot Clinical Trial. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focused on the effectiveness of a combination treatment of nab-paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and cisplatin in 25 patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, given its DNA repair deficiencies and potential sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents.
  • Conducted from December 2013 to January 2018, the clinical trial assessed patient responses based on established measurement criteria, with a primary focus on complete response rates and safety profiles.
  • Results showed that the treatment had significant side effects, with many patients experiencing severe adverse events, and 12% of participants had fatal outcomes related to the treatment.

Article Abstract

Importance: Genomes of metastatic pancreatic cancers frequently contain intrachromosomal aberrations, indicating a DNA repair deficiency associated with sensitivity to DNA damaging agents, such as platinum.

Objective: To determine response rate following treatment with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine plus platinum-based cisplatin for patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA).

Design, Setting, And Participants: This was a single-arm, open-label, phase 1b/2 clinical trial of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine plus cisplatin treatment in which 25 patients with previously untreated metastatic PDA were enrolled. The trial was conducted from December 2013 to July 2016 at 3 US sites, with the last patient receiving study treatment at the end of October 2016, and the study closing January 2018.

Interventions: Patients were treated with nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine plus various doses of cisplatin, 25 mg/m2, 37.5 mg/m2, and 50 mg/m2, on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle.

Main Outcomes And Measures: Primary end point was complete response rate as assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1 (RECIST), and levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (or in nonexpressers, carbohydrate antigen 125 or carcinoembryonic antigen). Efficacy analysis included evaluable patients (those who received at least 1 dose of study treatment and had at least 1 postbaseline tumor assessment).

Results: Of 25 patients enrolled in the study, the median (range) age was 65.0 (47.0-79.0) years, 14 (56%) were men, and most (24) were white (96%). The maximum tolerable dose of cisplatin was 25 mg/m2. The most common treatment-related adverse events grade 3 or higher were thrombocytopenia (17 patients [68%]), anemia (8 patients [32%]), and neutropenia (6 patients [24%]). Fatal events occurred for 3 patients (12%); 2 were related to study participation. A median (range) of 8 (1-15) cycles was completed. The RECIST responses in 24 evaluable patients included 2 complete responses (8%), which was below the primary end point of 25%, 15 partial responses (62%), 4 stable disease (17%), and 3 progressive disease (12%), with median overall survival of 16.4 (95% CI, 10.2-25.3) months; 16 patients (64%) were alive at 1 year, 10 (40%) at 2 years, 4 (16%) at 3 years, and 1 (4%) at 4 plus years. Overall survival ranged from 36 to 59 months. Median progression-free survival was 10.1 (95% CI, 6.0-12.5) months. Thus, the overall response rate was 71%, and the disease control rate was 88%.

Conclusions And Relevance: This triple drug regimen showed substantial clinical activity in this small study. Although the primary end point was not reached, the high overall response rate, disease control rate, and median survival time among patients with advanced PDA treated with this combination are encouraging. The regimen is being studied in patients with PDA in the neoadjuvant setting and in patients with advanced biliary cancers.

Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01893801.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6777241PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.3394DOI Listing

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