The American Academy of Pediatrics provides this technical report as supplemental background to the accompanying coding and valuation system policy statement. The rapid evolution in health care payment modeling requires that clinicians have a current appreciation of the mechanics of service representation and valuation. The accompanying policy statement provides recommendations relevant to this area, and this technical report provides a format to outline important concepts that allow for effective translation of bedside clinical events into physician payment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2019-2498 | DOI Listing |
Dev Cogn Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address:
Computational neuroscience offers a valuable opportunity to understand the neural mechanisms underlying behavior. However, interpreting individual differences in these mechanisms, such as developmental differences, is less straightforward. We illustrate this challenge through studies that examine individual differences in reinforcement learning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Med Chil
November 2024
Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Unlabelled: With the growing access to higher education, the university population has become increasingly heterogeneous. This situation has forced educational institutions to rethink their work. Health schools, specifically, must not only ensure the acquisition of technical-professional competencies, but also promote comprehensive training in students in this area.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
What is good in one scenario may be bad in another. Despite the ubiquity of such contextual reasoning in everyday choice, how the brain flexibly uses different valuation schemes across contexts remains unknown. We addressed this question by monitoring neural activity from the hippocampus (HPC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of two monkeys performing a state-dependent choice task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky.
Background: The "loss of control" over drug consumption, present in opioid use disorder (OUD) and known as escalation of intake, is well-established in preclinical rodent models. However, little is known about how antecedent behavioral characteristics, such as valuation of hedonic reinforcers prior to drug use, may impact the trajectory of fentanyl intake over time. Moreover, it is unclear if distinct escalation phenotypes may be driven by genetic markers predictive of OUD susceptibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNPJ Digit Med
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
We argue that generalist radiology artificial intelligence (GRAI) challenges current healthcare reimbursement frameworks. Unlike narrow AI tools, GRAI's multi-task capabilities render existing pathways inadequate. This perspective examines key questions surrounding GRAI reimbursement, including issues of coding, valuation, and coverage policies.
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