Coordination of miR-192 and miR-22 in p53-Mediated Cell Fate Decision.

p53-targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) markedly affect cellular response to DNA damage. These miRNAs may contribute to either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis induction. However, how these miRNAs coordinate to modulate the decision between cell survival and death remains less understood. Here, we developed an integrated model of p53 signaling network to investigate how p53-targeted and modulate cellular outcome in response to DNA damage. By numerical simulations, we found that p53 is activated progressively depending on the extent of DNA damage. Upon moderate damage, p53 rises to medium levels and induces to promote its own activation, facilitating induction and cell cycle arrest. Upon severe damage, p53 reaches high levels and is fully activated due to phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) induction. As a result, it transactivates to repress expression and activate E2F1, resulting in apoptosis. Therefore, miR-192 promotes primary activation of p53, while miR-22 promotes apoptosis by downregulating p21. This work may advance the understanding of the mechanism for cell fate decision between life and death by p53-inducible miRNAs.