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C-C chemokine receptor type 5, also known as CCR5 or CD195, is best known as a viral co-receptor that facilitates entry of HIV into cells. Evidence that CCR5 knockout mice display fewer dopamine neurons, lower striatal dopamine levels, and reduced locomotor activation compared to wild types also suggest a link between CCR5 receptors and cocaine dependence. Here, we tested the hypothesis using male Sprague-Dawley rats that cocaine-induced locomotor activation and conditioned place preference (CPP) are inhibited by a FDA-approved CCR5 antagonist (maraviroc), and that CCR5 gene expression in mesolimbic substrates is enhanced by repeated cocaine exposure. Pretreatment with maraviroc (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg, IP) reduced hyperlocomotion induced by acute cocaine (10 mg/kg) without affecting spontaneous locomotor activity. For CPP experiments, rats conditioned with cocaine (10 mg/kg × 4 days, IP) were injected with maraviroc (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg, IP) before each injection of cocaine. Maraviroc dose-dependently inhibited development of cocaine CPP, with a dose of 5 mg/kg producing a significant reduction. In rats treated repeatedly with cocaine (10 mg/kg × 4 days, IP), CCR5 gene expression was upregulated in the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area but mRNA levels of CCR5 ligands (i.e., CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5) were not affected. Our results suggest that mesolimbic CCR5 receptors are dysregulated by cocaine exposure and, similar to CXCR4 and CCR2 receptors, influence behavioral effects related to the abuse liability of cocaine.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2019.09.017 | DOI Listing |
Neurochem Int
December 2024
Biochemistry Graduate Program, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil. Electronic address:
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a central nervous system condition that is typified by fluctuations in mood, oscillating between depressive and manic, and/or hypomanic episodes. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that strength training may act as a potent protector against behavioral and neurochemical changes induced by BD. A strength training protocol was performed with adult male Wistar rats, and seven days following the conclusion of training, a single ouabain injection was administered.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Biochem Behav
December 2024
Swansea Worm Integrative Research Laboratory (SWIRL), Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Wales SA2 8PP, United Kingdom.
Nicotine has been shown to induce profound physiological and behavioural responses in invertebrate model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. Lumbriculus variegatus is an aquatic oligochaete worm which we have previously demonstrated has application within pharmacological research. Herein, we demonstrate the presence of endogenous acetylcholine and cholinesterase activity within L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Biomed Res
October 2024
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Background: We aimed to investigate the effects of whey protein (WP) supplements in a rat model of rotenone-induced locomotor and biochemical features of Parkinson's disease (PD).
Materials And Methods: Male Wistar rats were used. Daily injections of rotenone (2 mg/kg; i.
Adv Biomed Res
October 2024
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Background: Chronic stress can lead to anxiety and depression. Escitalopram is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), and crocin is a natural compound derived from saffron. Both of them are used to treat these disorders in clinical and traditional medicine, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095.
To identify genes involved in regulating the behavioral and brain transcriptomic response to the potentially addictive drug cocaine, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for intravenous self-administration of cocaine or saline (as a control) over 10 days using a panel of inbred and recombinant inbred mice. A linear mixed model increased statistical power for these longitudinal data and identified 145 loci for responding when saline only was delivered, compared to 17 for the corresponding cocaine GWAS. Only one locus overlapped.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!