i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal.
Published: September 2019
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a public health problem and a main cause of death to humans. Both and cause tuberculosis. In contrast to , which is geographically spread, is restricted to West Africa. Differences have also been found in the growth rate and type of disease caused by , globally suggesting an attenuation of this bacteria. In this study, we used the mouse model of infection to follow the dynamics of infection in terms of bacterial burdens and tissue pathology, as well as the immune response triggered. Our findings support a lower virulence of as compared to , including in mice lacking IFN-γ, a major protective cytokine in tuberculosis. Furthermore, the lung immune response triggered by infection in wild-type animals was characterized by a discrete influx of leukocytes and a modest transcriptional upregulation of inflammatory mediators. Our findings contribute to elucidate the pathogenesis of , supporting the hypothesis that this is an attenuated member of the tuberculosis-causing bacteria. Understanding the biology of and how it interacts with the host to establish infection will have implications for our knowledge of TB and for the development of novel and better tools to control this devastating disease.
Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China.
The potassium channel Kv1.3 plays an important role in regulating immune cell functions in many inflammatory diseases whereas rarely in osteoarthritis (OA). Here, it is demonstrated that the Kv1.
Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the core therapies for current cancer management. However, the emergence of radioresistance has become a major cause of radiotherapy failure and disease progression. Therefore, overcoming radioresistance to achieve highly effective treatment for refractory tumors is significant yet challenging.
Promoting tumor cell senescence arrests the cell cycle of tumor cells and activates the immune system to eliminate these senescent cells, thereby suppressing tumor growth. Nevertheless, PD-L1 positive senescent tumor cells resist immune clearance and possess the ability to secret various cytokines and inflammatory factors that stimulate the growth of tumor cells. Consequently, drugs capable of both triggering senescence in tumor cells and concurrently diminishing the expression of PD-L1 to counteract immune evasion are urgently needed.
Defective clearance and accumulation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) is the key pathogenic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent studies emphasize the importance of E3 ligases in regulating the degradation of α-Syn. However, the molecular mechanisms by which deubiquitinases regulate α-Syn degradation are scarcely studied.
Dioscorea alata, a key tuber crop for global food security, is threatened by anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. However, identification of functional resistance genes against C. gloeosporioides in D.
