Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) consisting of hyaluronic acid (HA) and chitosan (Ch) are extensively studied for biomedical applications and suppress bacterial and protein attachment. Here, we prepared and tested HA/Ch PEMs as marine fouling-release coatings. PEMs were constructed by layer-by-layer assembly using spin coating. The multilayers were crosslinked for enhanced stability in the sea water environment by chemical and thermal treatment. Protein-repelling properties of the crosslinked multilayers were investigated by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. The marine antifouling and fouling-release properties were tested against the settlement of zoospores of the green alga Ulva linza and the subsequent development and removal of sporelings. With spin coating and thermal crosslinking, a thick yet homogeneous coating was obtained with antifouling properties against marine algal zoospores indicating the potential of these compounds for application in protective coatings.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.5110887 | DOI Listing |
Gels
November 2024
Institut für Anorganische Chemie, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, 09596 Freiberg, Germany.
Environmental protection, especially fouling protection, is a very topical and wide-ranging issue. This review explores the development, molecular design, and nanoarchitectonics of sol-gel-based hybrid coatings for antifouling applications. These coatings combine inorganic and organic materials, offering enhanced stability and adaptability, making them ideal for protecting surfaces from fouling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
As marine equipment advances from shallow to deep-sea environments, the demand for high-performance antifouling materials continues to increase. The lionfish, a species inhabiting both deep-sea and shallow coral reefs, prevents fouling organism adhesion via its smooth, mucus-covered skin, which contains antimicrobial peptides. Inspired by lionfish skin, this work integrates zwitterionic segments with hydration-based fouling-release properties and the furan oxime ester structure with intrinsic antibacterial activity to develop a silicone-based antifouling coating capable of operating from shallow to deep-sea environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
December 2024
Department of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
Silicone coatings are widely employed in marine antifouling applications due to their low surface energy. However, in static marine environments, pure silicone coatings are ineffective in preventing the adhesion of marine biofilms, which consist of proteins, marine bacteria, and extracellular matrices, ultimately promoting the attachment of macrofouling organisms. To address the limitations in antifouling performance under static conditions, this study introduces a silicone-based antifouling coating modified with zwitterionic polymers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiofouling
November 2024
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Biomolecules
August 2024
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
The adherence of pathogenic microorganisms to surfaces and their association to form antibiotic-resistant biofilms threatens public health and affects several industrial sectors with significant economic losses. For this reason, the medical, pharmaceutical and materials science communities are exploring more effective anti-fouling approaches. This review focuses on the anti-fouling properties, structure-activity relationships and environmental toxicity of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) and, as a subclass, ionic liquid compounds.
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