The past two decades have seen changes to the management of copperhead snakebites. We review the current use of antivenom, analgesics, and laboratory testing as well as the declining role of surgical management.
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Heliyon
November 2024
Department of Poisoning and Occupational Diseases, Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
Venomous snake bites can result in irreversible damage, leading to respiratory dysfunction, bleeding disorders, kidney damage, or serious complications. In recent years, with the popularity of online shopping in China, snakes can be easily purchased and kept as pets, even if some areas are not natural habitats for certain kinds of snakes. A 13-year-old boy purchased two venomous snakes online as pets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Toxicol (Phila)
November 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Pediatr Emerg Care
November 2024
Tennessee Poison Control Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville.
Objectives: In the United States, studies are inconclusive regarding the indications for polyvalent antivenom administration for crotaline envenomation. We compared polyvalent antivenom administration versus observation used at 2 separate institutions. We hypothesized that deferring antivenom leads to increased hospital length of stay and surgical interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Toxicol (Phila)
May 2024
Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Clinical Investigation, Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft Sam Houston, Texas, USA.
Introduction: North American pit viper envenomation occurs over 4,000 times annually in the United States, with polyvalent Fab antivenom being the primary treatment. Fasciotomy is occasionally performed due to concerns about compartment syndrome. We utilized our direct access to Texas Poison Center Network data to create a new snakebite abstraction form and database on relevant available information between 2004 and 2021 and to identify, describe, and estimate the incidence of fasciotomy following pit viper envenomation in Texas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMil Med
November 2024
Maxillofacial Injury and Disease, Naval Medical Research Unit San Antonio, JBSA FT Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA.
Introduction: Warfighters are exposed to life-threatening injuries daily and according to the Joint Trauma System Military Clinical Practice Guideline-Global Snake Envenomation Management snakebites are a concerning threat in all theaters of operation. Snake venom is a complex mixture of toxins including phospholipases A2 (PLA2) and snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMP) that produce myotoxic, hemotoxic, and cytotoxic injuries. Antibody-based antivenom is the standard of care but new approaches including small-molecule inhibitors have gained attention in recent years.
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