A polyketide-derived alkaloid featuring a unique 3,4-dihydro-2-indeno[1,2-]pyridine 1-oxide motif, named phomopsol A (), and a highly oxidized polyketide containing a new 3,5-dihydro-2-2,5-methanobenzo[][1,4]dioxepine moiety, named phomopsol B (), were isolated from the Thai mangrove endophytic fungus sp. xy21, together with the related biosynthetic polyketide . The structures of - were unambiguously established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (Cu Kα), and their neuroprotective effects in PC12 cells were evaluated. The biosynthetic origins of - are proposed.
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