Canadian medical and legal historians have given little attention to the history of medical malpractice law. This article examines one aspect of this subject, the litigation that arose over issues of consent in advanced surgeries, by offering a contextualized case study of (1933). In , a master mariner from Nova Scotia sued for $10,000 in damages for negligence and assault after a surgeon removed his left testicle without his approval during a hernia operation. Marshall lost at trial, but the Nova Scotia Supreme Court decision became precedent for the principle that doctors could undertake more aggressive procedures without consent only if the patient's life or health were in immediate danger. This study considers why these cases became more common by the early twentieth century, teases out the changing law of consent, and suggests what the case tells us about judicial attitudes towards patients and doctors.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.272-072018 | DOI Listing |
Even though Leydig cell tumor (LCT) represents the most common neoplasia among testicular sex cord-stromal tumors (SCSTs), it is a rare condition, comprising 1-2% of all testicular tumors, with a 10% risk of malignancy most commonly located in retroperitoneal lymph nodes. LCTs may demonstrate various clinical manifestations - from asymptomatic intratesticular swelling through nonspecific symptoms such as loss of libido, impotence or infertility, up to feminizing or virilizing syndromes due to hormonal activity of the tumor. This article presents a case of Leydig cell tumor that was associated with azoospermia what have rarely been reported worldwide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran.
Carvacrol is a common ingredient in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and perfume industries. It possesses various pharmaceutical properties including pain relief, anti-cell death, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. We investigated the protective impact of carvacrol on infertility caused by varicocele in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGeorgian Med News
November 2024
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
Splenogonadal fusion is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by an unusual linkage between ectopic splenic tissue and the gonad, with a higher prevalence observed in the males. While the majority of the splenogonadal fusion cases are associated with cryptorchidism, the patients may have other congenital malformations such as inguinal hernias. Despite being benign and having a rare occurrence, the preoperative diagnosis of splenogonadal fusion is a challenging one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUrol Case Rep
January 2025
Department of Urology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, China.
Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation of the reproductive system; however, to date, no cases of hypospadias complicated by polyorchidism have been reported in the literature. This article reports a case of a 1-year-old boy presenting with hypospadias, who was also diagnosed with polyorchidism combined with cryptorchidism. Preoperative Doppler ultrasound revealed two testes on the right side, and an atrophic testis on the left.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Reprod Infertil
January 2024
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Background: Testicular torsion is a critical urological emergency that can lead to testicular ischemia and significant tissue damage. Citrulline, a supplement known for enhancing cellular metabolism and mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation, has been explored for its protective effects against testicular injury resulting from torsion and detorsion in rat models.
Methods: This study involved 42 Wistar rats, divided into six groups: Sham, torsion/detorsion (T/D), and four groups receiving varying doses of Citrulline (300, 600, 900 ) and vitamin E (20 ).
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