The Japanese orange fly, , infests various citrus crops. While male pheromone components accumulated in the rectal glands are well characterized for , but information regarding the chemical factors involved in the life cycles of remains scarce. Herein, several volatile chemicals including a γ-decalactone, (3,4)-3-hydroxy-4-decanolide [(3,4)-HD], were identified as major components, along with acetamide and spiroketals as minor components in the rectal gland complexes of male flies. The lactone (3,4)-HD was also identified in female rectal gland complexes. The amount of this compound in mature males was significantly higher than those observed in females and immature males. The lactone (3,4)-HD was detected in flies fed with sucrose only, indicating that this lactone is not derived from dietary sources during adulthood, but biosynthesized . The predominant accumulation of (3,4)-HD in mature males also suggests a possible role in reproductive behavior.
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