AI Article Synopsis
- Optical imaging of membrane potential is considered crucial for neuroscience as it could allow detailed observation of electrical activities in brain cells, especially with the use of organic voltage-sensitive dyes.
- The introduction of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) has improved the targeting of voltage measurements to specific neurons, although challenges remain for achieving high-resolution results in live mammalian systems.
- Overcoming current limitations in two-photon imaging of GEVIs will need collaboration across different scientific fields and continuous backing from major research funding initiatives.
Article Abstract
As a "holy grail" of neuroscience, optical imaging of membrane potential could enable high resolution measurements of spiking and synaptic activity in neuronal populations. This has been partly achieved using organic voltage-sensitive dyes in vitro, or in invertebrate preparations yet unspecific staining has prevented single-cell resolution measurements from mammalian preparations in vivo. The development of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) and chemogenetic sensors has enabled targeting voltage indicators to plasma membranes and selective neuronal populations. Here, we review recent advances in the design and use of genetic voltage indicators and discuss advantages and disadvantages of three classes of them. Although genetic voltage indicators could revolutionize neuroscience, there are still significant challenges, particularly two-photon performance. To overcome them may require cross-disciplinary collaborations, team effort, and sustained support by large-scale research initiatives.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6739974 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-019-0682-0 | DOI Listing |
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