Follow-Up Care and 6-Month Continuation Rates for Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Study Objective: Describe follow-up care patterns and continuation rates during the first 6 months after initiating a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) device among adolescent and young adult women.

Design: Retrospective chart review among patients who had an intrauterine device (IUD) or subdermal implant placed between January 2015 and December 2016.

Setting: Urban adolescent specialty care clinic.

Participants: Women ages 13-23 years.

Main Outcome Measures: Follow-up encounters were defined as scheduled and unscheduled phone calls, outpatient clinic visits, or emergency department visits during the 6 months after device placement. Continuation was defined as not having the device removed or expelled during the 6 months after initiation. Frequencies were calculated, and logistic regression was used to determine predictors of follow-up encounters and continuation.

Results: Among the 177 patients, 180 LARC devices were placed. Most were 13-17 years of age (56%), non-Hispanic black (64%), publicly insured (57%), and had an IUD placed (57%). Most (86%) had 1 or more clinical encounters during the 6 months: 70% attended a scheduled encounter and 53% had an unscheduled encounter. Approximately half (45%) attended the scheduled 2-week office visit; only 6% attended the 6-month office visit. The 6-month LARC continuation rate was 92% (n = 166), with most discontinuations among IUD users (n = 12; 7%).

Conclusion: LARC continuation rates were high in our study population. Most adolescent and young adult women have at least 1 follow-up encounter in the 6 months after LARC placement. Clinical practices should be prepared to address issues that arise during follow-up encounters, whether in person or by phone.