[The effect of high-dose metformin on the metabolic parameters and functional state of the liver of agouti-mice with the melanocortin obesity.].

In recent years, the effectiveness of high-dose metformin (MF) to treat the endocrine and oncological diseases has been shown. However, the use of high-dose MF may be associated with the lactic acidosis and the liver dysfunctions. The aim of the work was to study the effect of long-term (10 days) oral administration of a relatively high dose of MF (600 mg/kg per day) into yellow C57Bl/6J (Ay/a) Agouti line mice with the melanocortin type obesity on the liver function, which was evaluated by the morphology of hepatocytes and the severity of steatosis, the expression of the inflammatory and apoptotic factors of and the activity of aminotransferases, as well as on the plasma lactate level in the animals. In Agouti line mice, MF (600 mg/kg per day) caused a decrease in the body and fat weight, led to the reduced hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia, and restored the sensitivity to glucose and insulin. At the same time, in the liver of Agouti line mice treated with MF, the small-drop and large-drop fatty degeneration and the hydropic degeneration were attenuated, and the expression of pro-inflammatory IL-1β and pro-apoptotic Bax protein and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio did not differ from the control C57Bl/6J (a/a) mice. In the blood of Agouti line mice treated with MF, the activity of alanine aminotransferase was normalized, and the lactate levels was increased, but to a moderate degree. It was concluded that the high-dose MF did not induce the lactic acidosis in Agouti line mice, and at the same time it restored the liver functions impaired in the melanocortin obesity. This allows us to consider the use of the high doses of MF as one of the possible ways to treat obesity and metabolic disorders that are associated with the hepatic steatosis.