Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often present with difficulty in sustaining engagement, attention, and have disruptive behavior in classroom settings. Without appropriate intervention, these challenging behaviors often persist and negatively impact educational outcomes. Self-monitoring is a well-supported evidence-based practice for addressing challenging behaviors and improving pro-social behaviors for individuals with ASD. Self-monitoring procedures utilizing a handheld computer-based technology is an unobtrusive and innovative way of implementing the intervention. A withdrawal design was employed to assess the effectiveness of a technologically-delivered self-monitoring intervention (I-Connect) in improving on-task and task completion behaviors and decreasing disruptive behavior with four adolescents with ASD. Results demonstrated improvements in on-task and task completion behaviors across all four participants and disruptive behavior improved for two participants.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04209-4 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, and Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Agitation is a common and disabling symptom of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Pharmacological treatments are recommended if agitation is not responsive to psychosocial intervention. Citalopram was effective in treating agitation in AD but was associated with cognitive and cardiac risks linked to its R- but not S-enantiomer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Clin Pediatr Dent
November 2024
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College and Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Aim And Background: Although local anesthesia (LA) eliminates pain and instills a positive dental attitude, the physical appearance of its syringe is highly fear provoking and often intolerable. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the pain and fear perception in camouflaged syringe (CS) and vibration-assisted syringe (VA) when compared with conventional syringe and with each other (VACS) during local anesthetic administration in pediatric patients aged between 6 and 12 years.
Materials And Methods: Eighty-five subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: CS group ( = 7), VA group ( = 26), and VACS group ( = 27).
Implement Res Pract
January 2025
Institute for Health System Solutions and Virtual Care, Women's College Research and Innovation Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Background: In Ontario, Canada, province-wide initiatives supporting safer opioid prescribing in primary care include voluntary audit and feedback reports and academic detailing. In this process evaluation, we aimed to determine the fidelity of delivery and receipt of the interventions, the observed change strategies used by physicians, potential mechanisms of action, and how complementary the initiatives can be to each other.
Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with academic detailers and with physicians who received both interventions.
BMC Psychol
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Background: While recent studies suggest a high prevalence of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) clinics, little is known about the factors contributing to problematic gaming among these patients. Given the well-established role of parenting and parent-child relationships in the development of problem behaviors, this study aimed to explore parent-child relationships within a Swedish cohort of CAP patients with IGD.
Methods: A total of 72 adolescents from CAP clinics in Skane, Sweden, diagnosed with IGD based on DSM-V criteria (73% boys), aged 13 to 18 years were included in the study.
Psychon Bull Rev
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
A variety of different evidence-accumulation models (EAMs) account for common response time and accuracy patterns in two-alternative forced choice tasks by assuming that subjects collect and sum information from their environment until a response threshold is reached. Estimates of model parameters mapped to components of this decision process can be used to explain the causes of observed behavior. However, such explanations are only meaningful when parameters can be identified, that is, when their values can be uniquely estimated from data generated by the model.
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