Forced oscillation based on self-injection locked phase-locked (SILPLL) opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) technique is the basis of highly stable and low phase noise oscillators to be used as a key component in modern communication and sensing systems. To avoid large-size modular OEO, inter-modal oscillation at X-band frequencies is achieved in a compact multi-mode multi-section semiconductor laser using InP foundry service. Self-forced oscillation technique of SILPLL is demonstrated, where a phase noise performance of -98 dBc/Hz is measured at 10 kHz offset carrier of 11 GHz, which is an improvement of 68 dB compared with the free-running condition, which corresponds with 600 times reduction in calculated timing jitters from the free-running case to reach 0.45 ps for over 1 kHz to 1 MHz bandwidth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.025142 | DOI Listing |
Forced oscillation based on self-injection locked phase-locked (SILPLL) opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) technique is the basis of highly stable and low phase noise oscillators to be used as a key component in modern communication and sensing systems. To avoid large-size modular OEO, inter-modal oscillation at X-band frequencies is achieved in a compact multi-mode multi-section semiconductor laser using InP foundry service. Self-forced oscillation technique of SILPLL is demonstrated, where a phase noise performance of -98 dBc/Hz is measured at 10 kHz offset carrier of 11 GHz, which is an improvement of 68 dB compared with the free-running condition, which corresponds with 600 times reduction in calculated timing jitters from the free-running case to reach 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor the inter-modal four-wave mixing (IMFWM) in high-power fiber lasers, the phase-matching frequency shift and coherence length are calculated to determine the fiber mode combinations corresponding to IMFWM peaks; then, the parameters of the laser are optimized accordingly to suppress the IMFWM. On the basis of laser parameter optimization, the fiber coiling method is applied to further suppress the IMFWM. To validate this method, a master oscillator power amplifier was configured with 20/400 fiber to produce IMFWM peaks at 1108 and 1071.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Periodontol
August 2007
Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Objective: To assess subjective intensities of pain during supragingival calculus removal employing ultrasonic scaler tips of two different shapes.
Material And Methods: Twenty patients were treated using a piezoelectric ultrasonic device (Sirosonic L) and two different scaler tips representing a conventional (Instrument No. 3) and a slim-line style (Perio Pro Line Instrument SI-11) in a split-mouth design.
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