We present a unified formal description and a detailed study of the depolarization spaces defined by various depolarization metrics based on the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix associated with a given Mueller matrix. By introducing natural generalizations of the common and Lorentz depolarization metrics, we likewise advance novel spaces appropriate for the description of extrinsic and intrinsic depolarization. We show the intimate relation existing between the depolarization spaces and the depolarization diagrams and solve the problem of the experimentally observed forbidden depolarization region. The theoretical developments are illustrated on numerical, analytical, and experimental examples of depolarizing Mueller matrices.
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Optical polarization is three-dimensional (3-D). Its complete information is described by the nine-component generalized Stokes vector (GSV). However, existing Stokes polarimetry and its design theory are primarily based on the paraxial four-component Stokes vector and 4 × 4 Mueller matrices.
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School of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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- Medium depolarization imaging using catheter-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) provides insights into lipid, macrophages, and cholesterol crystals in atherosclerotic plaques.
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Mueller matrices provide a complete description of a medium's response to excitation by polarized light, and their characterization is important across a broad range of applications from ellipsometry in material science to polarimetry in biochemistry, medicine and astronomy. Here we introduce single-shot Mueller matrix polarimetry based on generalized measurements performed with a Poincaré beam. We determine the Mueller matrix of a homogeneous medium with unknown optical activity by detecting its optical response to a Poincaré beam, which across its profile contains all polarization states, and analyze the resulting polarization pattern in terms of four generalized measurements, which are implemented as a path-displaced Sagnac interferometer.
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Bioinformatics
June 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, West Flagler Street, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
Motivation: Imaging Mueller polarimetry has already proved its potential for biomedicine, remote sensing and metrology. The real-time applications of this modality require both video rate image acquisition and fast data post-processing algorithms. First, one must check the physical realizability of the experimental Mueller matrices in order to filter out non-physical data, ie to test the positive semi-definiteness of the 4 × 4 Hermitian coherency matrix calculated from the elements of corresponding Mueller matrix pixel-wise.
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