Most studies concerning congenital mirror movements (CMMs) have been focused on the motor organization in the distal hand muscles exclusively. To the best of our knowledge, there is no data on motor organization pattern of lower extremities, and a scarcity of data on the significance of forearm and arm muscles in CMMs. Here, we describe the case of a 19-year-old boy presenting mirror movements. In these terms, a 10-year transcranial magnetic stimulation study demonstrated that the motor organization pattern of the arm muscles was different from that of distal hand and forearm muscles even in the same upper extremity, and that the lower extremities showed the same pathways as healthy children. Moreover, in this case, an ipsilateral motor evoked potentials (MEPs) for distal hand muscles increased in amplitude with age, even though the intensity of mirror movements decreased. In the arm muscles, however, it was concluded that the contralateral MEPs increased in amplitude with age.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.4.524 | DOI Listing |
Cortex
January 2025
"Aldo Ravelli" Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy; Unità di Psichiatria, Milano, Italy.
Functional Motor Disorders (FMD) consists in symptoms of altered motor function not attributable to typical neurological and medical conditions. This study aimed to explore explicit and perceptual measures of Sense of Ownership, Agency, and Body Schema in FMD patients, and assess whether these alterations are specific to FMD or shared with other functional disturbances. Twelve FMD patients, ten with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS, a functional gastrointestinal disorder) and fifteen healthy controls (HC) underwent: (i) the Mirror Box Illusion (MBI), requiring participants to perform tapping movements with their dominant hand concealed from sight, while visual feedback was provided by an alien hand under visuo-motor congruency or incongruency conditions; (ii) a Forearm Bisection Task before and after exposure to the MBI, and the Embodiment Questionnaire after the MBI, as perceptual and explicit indices of the embodiment illusion, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz J Phys Ther
January 2025
Institut Robert Merle d'Aubigné, Valenton, France.
Background: Mirror therapy shows promise in the treatment of phantom limb pain but lacks robust evidence.
Objectives: To address this gap, we conducted a scoping review aiming to comprehensively explore the landscape of mirror therapy practice, gather details about the session content, and offer recommendations for future research.
Method: We searched seven databases for published work from 1995 to May 2023.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar, Kerem Aydinlar Kampusu, Icerenkoy Mah. Kayisdagi Cad. No: 32, Atasehir, 34752, Istanbul, Turkey.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of movement representation techniques (MRT) on pain, range of motion, functional outcomes, and pain-related fear in patients with non-specific shoulder pain (NSSP). A literature search conducted in PubMed, PEDro, EBSCO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and gray literature on April 31, 2023. We selected seven randomized controlled trials based on the PICOS framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConscious Cogn
January 2025
Faculty of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
The aim of the current study was to investigate visual scan patterns for the self-face in infants with the ability to recognize themselves with a photograph. 24-month-old infants (N = 32) were presented with faces including the self-face in the upright or inverted orientation. We also measured infants' ability to recognize oneself in a mirror and with a photograph.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Italy.
Paratonia is an involuntary muscle activity that occurs during passive joint mobilization and is common in people with dementia. It includes oppositional paratonia, in which muscle activity resists passive movement, and facilitatory paratonia, in which it assists movement. This phenomenon reflects a defect in motor response inhibition.
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