Crystallography of nanocrystalline materials has witnessed a true revolution in the past 10 years, thanks to the introduction of protocols for 3D acquisition and analysis of electron diffraction data. This method provides single-crystal data of structure solution and refinement quality, allowing the atomic structure determination of those materials that remained hitherto unknown because of their limited crystallinity. Several experimental protocols exist, which share the common idea of sampling a sequence of diffraction patterns while the crystal is tilted around a noncrystallographic axis, namely, the goniometer axis of the transmission electron microscope sample stage. This Outlook reviews most important 3D electron diffraction applications for different kinds of samples and problematics, related with both materials and life sciences. Structure refinement including dynamical scattering is also briefly discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.9b00394 | DOI Listing |
Analyst
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Electronic Functional Materials and Devices, Huizhou University, Huizhou, 516007, China.
Disordered polymerization of polymers widens the polymerization degree distribution, which leads to uncontrollable thickness and significantly weakens their sensing performance. Herein, poly(sodium -styrenesulfonate)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (PSS-rGO) with multichannel chain structures coated with thin polyaniline layer (PSS-rGO/PANI) nanocomposites was synthesized a facile interfacial polymerization route. The morphology and microstructure of the PSS-rGO/PANI nanocomposites were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
January 2025
Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
In recent years, antibiotic pollution has become a major environmental concern. The extensive production and widespread use of prescribed antibiotics have significantly impacted ecosystems. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the photocatalytic degradation of the antibiotic norfloxacin (NFX) under visible light.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
January 2025
Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Lodz University of Technology Stefanowskiego 16 Lodz 90537 Poland.
This study investigates the structure-property relationships of a series of phenylhydrazones bearing various electron-donating and electron-withdrawing substituents, such as methoxy, dimethylamino, morpholinyl, hydroxyl, chloro, bromo, and nitro groups. The compounds were synthesized, and their structures were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, and DSC. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the complex interplay between the molecular skeleton, substituents, and the resulting photophysical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Mater
January 2025
Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, U.K.
We investigate magnesium-iron pyroborate MgFeBO as a potential cathode material for rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries. Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy confirm its successful synthesis and iron stabilization in the high-spin Fe(II) state. Initial electrochemical testing against a lithium metal anode yields a first charge capacity near the theoretical value (147.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Omega
January 2025
College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
To address the shortcomings of traditional actuators, such as large size, high energy consumption, and slow response, this study developed a conductive and responsive artificial muscle, exploring the operational principles and performance enhancement techniques for artificial muscles made from sodium alginate and graphene oxide. Initially, the research outlined a preparation methodology using sodium alginate, graphene oxide, and nanonickel as primary materials. Subsequent adjustments in the nanonickel content optimized critical performance metrics, including output force, lifespan, and deflection displacement.
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