Advances in T-cell Immunotherapies.

Cell therapies have become an important part of clinical hematology and oncology. Cell therapy laboratories were first established in academic health centers to process ABO-incompatible marrow grafts. These laboratories now produce a wide variety of cell and gene therapies. Some of the most widely used and clinically important cell therapies are T-cell immunotherapies. These therapies include donor lymphocyte infusions, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, T-cell receptor-engineered T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, and virus-specific T cells. The clinical application and methods used to manufacture these adoptive cell therapies are reviewed.